華閱文章網GMAT語法核心句的非謂語動詞結構找句子主語的原則是怎樣的？ - 愛
一般而言，非謂語動詞結構的邏輯主語就是句子的主語，如果分詞結構和句子主語不存在邏輯關聯，則是垂懸分詞，需要加以修改。
GMAT對于非謂語動詞的考察不少，只要考生掌握這一原則，便有化腐朽為神奇之功效，不用通讀全題就可直接找到正確答案。 例子：Burdened with three pieces of luggage and a pair of skis, Sarah's search for a baggage cart was desperate. 這道題目中句子主語search和分詞burdened不具備邏輯上的關聯性，所以需將句子主語改為Sarah才符合常理。
非謂語動詞該怎么用呢
非謂語動詞主要包括不定式、動名詞和現在分詞。
為了區分這三種不同的非謂語動詞的用法和含義，我們將分別從三種非謂語動詞在句子中做主語、賓語、賓語補足語、定語、狀語、表語以及一些特殊結構句型等角度來區分其用法和細微含義。 1。
不定式和動名詞作主語的區別 （1）動名詞作主語通常表示抽象動作；而不定式作主語表示具體動作。 Smoking is prohibited（禁止）here。
這里禁止抽煙。（抽象） It is not very good for you to smoke so much。
你抽這么多煙對你身體很不好。（具體） （2）動名詞作主語時，通常用以表示一件已知的事或經驗。
不定式短語通常用來表示一件未完成的事或目的。 Climbing mountains is interesting。
爬山很有趣。（經驗） Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring。
在高峰時刻開車令人厭煩。（經驗） （3）不定式做主語，一般用it當形式主語，把作主語的不定式短語后置。
It took me only five minutes to finish the job。 2。
不定式、動名詞和分詞作表語的區別 （1）不定式作表語 1）不定式作表語一般表示具體動作，特別是表示將來的動作。 To do two things at a time is to do neither。
-次做兩件事等于未做。 What I would suggest is to start work at once。
我的建議是立刻開始干。 2）如果主語是不定式（表示條件），表語也是不定式（表示結果）。
To see is to believe。百聞不如一見。
To work means to earn a living。工作就是為了生活。
3）如果主語是以aim, duty, hope, idea, happiness, job, plan, problem, purpose, thing, wish等為中心的名詞，或以what引導的名詞性從句，不定式作表語是對主語起補充說明 作用。 His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future。
他的希望是在不遠的將來買一輛豪華轎車。 The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was to provide large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior。
The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the future of the plant。 (2)動名詞作表語：動名詞作表語，表示抽象的一般性的行為。
Our work is serving the people。 我們的工作是為人民服務。
His hobby is collecting stamps。他的愛好是集郵。
（注）動名詞作表語時與進行時態中的現在分詞形式相同，但其所屬結構迥異，進行時態說明動作是由主語完成的。動名詞做表語，說明主語的性質或情況。
People cannot but feel puzzled, for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake。 His victory in the final was no more convincing than I had expected。
(3)分詞作表語 分詞做表語有兩種情況，一種是現在分詞做表語，一種是過去分詞做表語，這兩者區別是考試中經常考到的地方。一般來說，表示心理狀態的動詞如excite, interest等都是及物動詞，漢語意思不是“激動”，“高興”，而是“使激動”、“使高興”，因而現在分詞應該是“令人激動的”、“令人高興的”，過去分詞則是“感到激動的”和“感到高興的”。
所以，凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式。換句話說，若人對……感興趣，就是somebody is interested in……，若人/物本身有興趣時，就是說sb。
/sth。 is interesting。
這類詞常見的有： interesting使人感到高興-interested感到高興的 exciting令人激動的-excited感到激動的 delighting令人高興的-delighted感到高興的 disappointing令人失望的-disappointed感到失望的 encouraging令人鼓舞的-encouraged感到鼓舞的 pleasing令人愉快的-pleased感到愉快的 puzzling令人費解的-puzzled感到費解的 satisfying令人滿意的-satisfied感到滿意的 surprising令人驚異的-surprised感到驚異的 worrying令人擔心的-worried感到擔心的 Travelling is interesting but tiring。 旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲勞。
The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much。如果要學生學得太多，他們會感到糊涂的。
The argument is very convincing。 他的論點很令人信服。
They were very excited at the news。聽到這個消息，他們非常激動。
3。 不定式和動名詞作賓語的區別 英語中大多數動詞既可跟不定式，也可跟動名詞作直接賓語，但有些動詞要求： （1）不定式做賓語和賓語補足語 1）下面的動詞要求不定式做賓語 attempt企圖 enable能夠 neglect忽視 afford負擔得起 demand要求 long渴望 arrange安排 destine注定 mean意欲，打算 begin開始 expect期望 omit忽略，漏 appear似乎，顯得 determine決定 manage設法 cease停止 hate憎恨，厭惡 pretend假裝 ask問 dread害怕 need需要 agree同意 desire愿望 love愛 swear宣誓 volunteer志愿 wish希望 bear承受 endeavor努力 offer提供 beg請求 fail不能 plan計劃 bother擾亂；煩惱 forget忘記 prefer喜歡，寧愿 care關心，喜歡 happen碰巧 prepare準備 decide決定 learn學習 regret抱歉，遺憾 choose選擇 hesitate猶豫 profess表明 claim要求 hope希望 promise承諾，允許 。
高中英語-非謂語動詞我需要一些有關高中非謂語動詞（現在分詞 愛問
Seeing the teacher entering the room,the students stood up。
(=When the students saw the teacher entering the room,They stood up。 )學生們看見老師走進房間，都站了起來。
（時間） Heated,the Metal expands。 (=The metal expands if /when it is heated。
)金屬受熱而膨脹。 （條件、時間） Being excited,I couldn't go to sleep。
(=As I was excited ,I couldn't go to sleep。)我興奮得睡不著覺。
（原因） Being a student,he was interested in sports。(=As he was a student,he was interested in sports。
) 他是個學生，所以對體育運動感興趣。（原因） Inspired by Dr。
Yang's speech,Li Hua and his classmates decided to study physics harder。 (=As they were inspired by Dr。
Yang's speech,Li Hua and his classmates decided to study physics harder。)李華和他的同學們受到楊博士講話的鼓舞，決定更加努力學習物理。
（原因） The children went away laughing。=The children went away。
They laughed as they went。孩子們笑著走開了。
（行為方式） The professor stood there,surrounded by many students。(=The professor stood there。
He was surrounded by many students。 )教授站在那里，許多學生圍著他。
（行為方式） While reading the newspaper,father nodded from time to time。(=While he was reading the newspaper,father nodded from time to time。
)看報時，父親不時地點頭。（時間）（分詞前，可加表示時間的連詞while或when。）
My wife had a long talk with Sally, explaining why she didn't want the children to play together 我妻子與莎莉談了很長時間，解釋她為什么不想讓孩子們在一起玩。 （現在分詞explaining是句子主語my wife做的動作，它們之間是主動關系） Given more attention,the trees could have grown better。
如果對這些樹多關心一些，它們本來會長得更好。（過去分詞given表示的動作是句子主語the trees承受的動作，它們之間是被動關系） Looking out of the window,I saw lots of people there。
(=When I looked out of the window,I saw lots of people there。) 我往窗外一看，看見那兒有許多人。
（looking out of the window的邏輯主語，就是句子的主語I。 ） Having written the letter,John went to the post office。
(=After he had written the letter,John went to the post office。 約翰寫完信后，就去郵局了。
Having lived in Beijing for years,Lao Wang knows the city quite well。 (=As he has lived in Beijing for years,Lao Wang knows the city quite well。
) 老王在北京住了多年，所以對這個城市很熟悉。 Having drunk two glasses of water, Xiao Ma felt a little better。
(=After he had drunk two glasses of water Xiao Ma felt a little better。) 小馬喝了兩杯水，感覺好一些了 Opening the drawer,he took out his wallet。
(=He opened the drawer and took out his wallet。) 他打開抽屜，拿出錢包。
Coming into the room,he put down his bag。 (=he came into the room and put down his bag。
) 他走進房間，放下提包。 Having brushed his teeth,Mr。
Brown came downstairs for breakfast。 布朗先生刷過牙，就下樓來吃早飯。
（此句如寫成：Brushing his teeth, Mr。 Brown came downstairs for breakfast。
可能指“邊刷牙，邊下樓'。） 獨立主格也算是非謂語作狀語 Flags flying,the army men marched in the streets。
旗幟飄揚，軍隊在街上行進。 All his ribs broken,he lay half dead。
他的肋骨全部折斷，半死不活地躺著。 Today being Sunday, the library isn' t open。
今天星期天，圖書館不開放。 There being no buses,we had to take a taxi。
沒有汽車了，我們只好坐出租車了。 The signal given,the bus started。
信號發出后，公共汽車就啟動了。 Weather permitting, we' 11 visit the Great Wall。
如果天氣允許的話，我們就去參觀長城。
