怎么翻譯英語句子
一、概述:在句子中起名詞作用的各種從句統稱為名詞性從句。
根據它們在句中的語法作用,這類從句又可分為主語從句、同位語從句、表語從句和賓語從句。二、 幾個共性問題:1.連接方式 (1) 在由連詞that, whether, if引導的名詞性從句中,引導詞在句中不做成分,在賓語從句和表語從句中,that可以省略。
(2) 在由連接代詞who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引導的名詞性從句中,其連接代詞在句中起名詞性作用,擔當一定成分。(3)在由連接副詞when, where, why, how引導的名詞性從句中,其連接副詞在句中作狀語。
*r和if的區別 (1)whether在引導的主語從句中可以置于句首,而if則不能。(2)whether可以與or not連用,or not可以緊跟在whether之后,也可以置于從句末尾;if一般不能和or not連用。
(3)表語從句、同位語從句和介詞賓語從句(即在系詞be和介詞之后),只能用whether連接,而不用if。(4)從句是否定式時,一般用if, whether很少用在否定式從句中。
例如:I don't care if he doesn't come . 如果他不來,我也不介意。The problem is whether we can carry out the plan.問題是我們是否能實施這項計劃。
三、 主語從句1.主語從句主要有三類:(1) 由連詞that引導的主語從句。例如:That you will win the medal seems unlikely.你想獲得獎牌看起來是不可能的。
That you are so indifferent bothers me.你如此冷淡使我很煩惱。That she survived the accident is a miracle.她在事故中幸免于難簡直是奇跡。
(2) 用連接代詞或連接副詞if, whether 引導的主語從句。例如: Which of them escaped from the prison is still a mystery.他們哪一個是從監獄里逃跑的,仍然是個謎。
When they will come hasn't been made pubic.他們什么時候來還不知道。Whether she is coming or not doesn't matter too much.她來不來都無關緊要。
(3) 用關系代詞引導的主語從句。例如:What you need is more practice.你所需要的是更多的訓練。
What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是這事。Whatever we do is to serve the people.我們無論做什么都是為人民服務。
主語從句可以直接放在主語位置上,也可以用it作形式主語,而將從句放在句末(尤其是當謂語較短時)。例如:That light travels in straight lines is known to all.光沿直線傳播,這是眾所周知的事。
=It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.眾所周知光沿直線傳播。When the plane is to take off has not been announced .飛機何時起飛還沒有宣布。
= It has not been announced when the plane is to take off.還沒有宣布飛機何時起飛。當what引導的主語從句表示“…的東西”時,一般不用it作形式主語。
錯:It is a book what he wants.對:What he wants is a book. 他想要的是本書。如果帶主語從句的句子是疑問式,則必須用it作形式主語的結構。
例如:Has it been settled who will be sent to carry out the task ?誰將被派去執行這項任務決定了嗎 ?3.固定用法和譯法 (1) It is +名詞+從句 It is a fact that… 事實是…… It is good news that … ……是好消息 It is a question that … ……是個問題 It is common knowledge that … ……是常識 類似的名詞還有:a pity;a wonder;a good thing; no wonder; surprise等。例如:It is a mystery to me how it all happened.這一切是怎么發生的是個謎。
It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.鯨魚不是魚,這是常識。It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game.鮑勃會贏得這場比賽,這不足為奇。
(2) It is +形容詞+從句 It is necessary that … 有必要…… It is clear that … 很清楚…… It is likely that … 很可能…… It is important that … 重要的是…… 類似的形容詞還有:strange; natural; obvious; true; good; wonderful; possible; unlikely; quite; unusual; certain; evident; worth-while; surprising; interesting; astonishing, etc.例如:It is obvious that conductors and insulators are both important in industry.很明顯導體和絕緣體在工業中都很重要。It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.她是否能來令人懷疑。
It was really astonishing that he refused to talk to you .他拒絕和你說話真是令人驚訝。It is essential that he should be here by the weekend .周末之前,他應該到這里是必要的。
It seems obvious that we can not go on like this.很明顯我們不能這樣下去了。(3) It is +過去分詞+從句 It is said that … 據說…… It is reported that … 據報道…… It has been proved that … 已證明…… It must be proved that… 必須指出…… 類似的過去分詞還有:known; estimated; expected; believed; thought; hoped; noted; discussed; required; decided; suggested; demanded; made clear; found out,etc.例如:It is thought that he is the best player.大家都認為他是最好的選手。
It is estimated that the vase is 2000 years old.據估計這個花瓶有2000年的歷史。It is used to be thought that a new star must be due to a collision between two stars. 過去一直認為新星是由于兩顆星星之間碰撞產生的。
It has not been made clear when the new road is 。
怎樣翻譯句子
。英語作為一種與漢語完全不同的語言,有其自身的語言特點。要在非英語語言的環境中學好英語,除了強化訓練聽、說、讀、寫外,背誦是必不可少的途徑。以背誦的形式來積累語言,可為學好英語打下扎實的基礎例如:Who knows what true hanppiness .誰知道什么才是真正的幸福。
先,要明白一個道理就是英語不是一天兩天就能學好的,要有一個過程,做翻譯也是,有一個過程,對于我們母語不是英語的學習者來說,最重要的就是要把自己融入英語中,學習它的文化.習俗.經濟.政治等等,平時盡量用英語來思考英語,也就是英語思維的培養,堅持一段時間后你會發現在你遇到一個句子或者一段話需要翻譯的時候,你腦子里冒出來的英語,也就不會覺得別扭了 當然平時要有一定量的積累,有了足夠的積累那用起來自然就得心應手了(前提是你學習的要是純正的英文).還有就是平時多關注和記憶專業方面的詞匯和表達。注意堅持!切勿三天打魚兩天曬網的!只要做到的,我相信翻譯肯定會提高一個或幾個檔次時間過的真快,How time flies!一年的時間轉眼間就過去了.The a year passd quickly.首先我覺得我非常幸運,能與大家成為朋友.First,I think I am very lucky to be friends with you.因為我相信,相遇就是一種緣份.Because I think our meetion is a kind of fate.我平時不怎么喜歡說話,但我喜歡朋友.I don't like speaking,but I like making friends. 通過和你們在一起一年的生活,讓我學到了很多做人和做事的道理!I have learnt a lot of knoeledge of living and doing things in the last one year when with you.我這個人缺點比較多,在平常如有得罪的地方,還請多多關照.Ihave many * I said something that offends you .please apologize me. 一年后的這個時間,也許我們就要分離了,希望大家都能有個好前程. 讓我們珍惜現在吧!At the same time of nexe year,we may have turn * you a *'s treasure now.