初中英語句子成分
句子成分概念:組成句子的各個部分,即主語、謂語、賓語、表語、賓語補足語、定語和狀語,主語和謂語是句子的主體部分。
主語:表示句子所說的是什么人或神秘物,一般由名詞、代詞或不定式,V-ing和從句充當。謂語:說明主語是什么,做什么或怎么樣。
由動詞充當,主語和謂語在人稱和數上必須保持一致。謂語動詞存在多種時態,它是句子的核心。
表語:說明主語是說明或怎么樣,由名詞、形容詞、數詞、副詞、不定式、介詞短語、句子等充當。賓語:表示動作、行為的對象,由名詞、代詞、不定式、V-ing、從句充當,和及物動詞一起說明主語做什么。
定語:用來修飾名詞或代詞。由形容詞、代詞、數詞、介詞短語、不定式、從句充當。
單詞作定語一般放在被修飾詞之前,短語或句子作定語放在被修飾才之后。狀語:用來修飾動詞、形容詞或副詞。
一般表示行為發生的時間、地點、條件、目的、方式、程度等等。通常由副詞、介詞短語、不定式或句子充當。
(若在同一句子中出現多個不同狀語,常見的4個的順序為:方式狀語、目的狀語、地點狀語、時間狀語。)※副詞作狀語的位置:①放在句中修飾動詞,通常是be動詞之后,實義動詞之前,助動詞和實義動詞之間,如usually,often,sometime,seldom,never,also,only,ever,still……②放在句末修飾動詞,如very much,a lot,quickly,fast,high,slowly……③修飾形容詞或副詞時反復在它們前面,如very good,so early……④有的副詞在句子中位置靈活,如already,only,sometime……這些應該都是要掌握的,是我們學校的英語老師總結的,在英語復習書上作為語法精講,我把一些例子刪去了,希望能夠幫到你。
初中英語句子成分
句子成分
概念:組成句子的各個部分,即主語、謂語、賓語、表語、賓語補足語、定語和狀語,主語和謂語是句子的主體部分。
主語:表示句子所說的是什么人或神秘物,一般由名詞、代詞或不定式,V-ing和從句充當。
謂語:說明主語是什么,做什么或怎么樣。由動詞充當,主語和謂語在人稱和數上必須保持一致。謂語動詞存在多種時態,它是句子的核心。
表語:說明主語是說明或怎么樣,由名詞、形容詞、數詞、副詞、不定式、介詞短語、句子等充當。
賓語:表示動作、行為的對象,由名詞、代詞、不定式、V-ing、從句充當,和及物動詞一起說明主語做什么。
定語:用來修飾名詞或代詞。由形容詞、代詞、數詞、介詞短語、不定式、從句充當。單詞作定語一般放在被修飾詞之前,短語或句子作定語放在被修飾才之后。
狀語:用來修飾動詞、形容詞或副詞。一般表示行為發生的時間、地點、條件、目的、方式、程度等等。通常由副詞、介詞短語、不定式或句子充當。(若在同一句子中出現多個不同狀語,常見的4個的順序為:方式狀語、目的狀語、地點狀語、時間狀語。)
※副詞作狀語的位置:
①放在句中修飾動詞,通常是be動詞之后,實義動詞之前,助動詞和實義動詞之間,如usually,often,sometime,seldom,never,also,only,ever,still……
②放在句末修飾動詞,如very much,a lot,quickly,fast,high,slowly……
③修飾形容詞或副詞時反復在它們前面,如very good,so early……
④有的副詞在句子中位置靈活,如already,only,sometime……
這些應該都是要掌握的,是我們學校的英語老師總結的,在英語復習書上作為語法精講,我把一些例子刪去了,希望能夠幫到你。
初中英語句子成分例句及詳解
1. 主語(subject):句子說明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east (名詞) He likes dancing. (代詞)Twenty years is a short time in history. (數詞) Seeing is believing. (動名詞)To see is to believe.(不定式) What he needs is a book.(主語從句)It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.(It形式主語,主語從句是真正主語)(一)指出下列句中主語的中心詞① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here.③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.2. 謂語(predicate):是對主語加以陳述,表示主語的行為或狀態,常用動詞或者動詞詞組擔任,放在主語的后面。We study English. He is asleep.(二). 選出句中謂語的中心詞① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast3. 表語(predicative):系動詞之后的成分,表示主語的性質、狀態和特征。
He is a teacher. (名詞) Seventy-four! You don't look it. (代詞)Five and five is ten. (數詞) He is asleep. (形容詞)His father is in.(副詞) The picture is on the wall. (介詞短語)My watch is gone / missing / lost. (形容詞化的分詞)The question is whether they will come. (表語從句)(常見的系動詞有: be, sound(聽起來), look(看起來), feel(摸起來,smell(聞起來), taste(嘗、吃起來), remain(保持,仍是), feel(感覺)…… It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds * voice sounds sweet. Tom looks * food smells delicious. The food tastes * door remains open. Now I feel tired. (三) 挑出下列句中的表語① The old man was feeling very tired. ② Why is he worried about Jim?③ The leaves have turned yellow. ④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.⑤ She was the first to learn about it.4. 賓語:1)動賓表示行為的對象,常由名詞或者代詞擔任。放在及物動詞或者介詞之后。
如:I like China. (名詞) He hates you. (代詞)How many do you need? We need two. (數詞)I enjoy working with you. (動名詞)I hope to see you again. (不定式) Did you write down what he said? (賓語從句) 2) 介詞后的名詞、代詞和動名詞-----介賓Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks. 3) 雙賓語-----間賓(指人)和直賓(指物)He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money.(四) 挑出下列句中的賓語① My brother hasn't done his homework.② People all over the world speak English.③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.④ How many new words did you learn last class?⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?5. 賓補:對賓語的補充,全稱為賓語補足語。We elected him monitor. (名詞) We all think it a pity that she didn't come here. (名詞)We will make them happy. (形容詞) We found nobody in. ( 副詞 ) Please make yourself at home. (介詞短語) Don't let him do that. (省to不定式)His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. (帶to不定式)Don't keep the lights burning. (現在分詞) I'll have my bike repaired. (過去分詞)(五) 挑出下列句中的賓語補足語① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.② He asked her to take the boy out of school.③ She found it difficult to do the work.④ They call me Lily sometimes.⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?6. 定語:修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。
Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.(名詞) He is our friend. (代詞)We belong to the third world.(數詞) He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.(形容詞)The man over there is my old friend.(副詞)The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介詞)The boys playing football are in Class 2. (現在分詞)The trees planted last year are growing well now. (過去分詞)I have an idea to do it well.(不定式) You should do everything that I do. (定語從句)(六) 挑出下列句中的定語① They use Mr., Mrs. with the family name.② What is your given name?③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.7. 狀語:用來修飾v., adj., adv., or 句子。表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、程度、條。
初中英語:句子成分
根據英語詞匯在英語句子中的地位和作用, 英語句子的成分可分為主語、謂語、賓語、賓語補足語、表語、定語、狀語、同位語及獨立成分等。
其中,主語和謂語是句子的主要成分,一般情況下,一個句子不能缺少這兩種成分。1. 主語:表示句子所要說明或描述的人或事物,一般由名詞、代詞或相當于名詞的詞組或句子充當,置于句首。
如:It's getting cold. 天冷起來了。Now everything is ready. 現在一切都準備好了。
The teacher is very kind to us. 老師對我們很好。2. 謂語:說明或描述主語的動作、狀態或特征,由動詞或動詞短語充當,位于主語之后。
如:Mother bought me a VCR. 媽給我買了一臺錄像機。We have finished our work already. 我們已經完成了工作。
3. 表語:表示主語的身份、性質、狀態和特征,一般由名詞、形容詞、或相當于名詞、形容詞的詞、短語或句子充當,位于連系動詞之后,與連系動詞一起構成句子的謂語。如:Be careful! 小心!He looks very angry. 他看上去很生氣。
His job is looking after sheep. 他的任務是看羊。4. 賓語:指動作所涉及的人或事物,一般由名詞、代詞或相當于名詞的詞組或句子充當,位于動詞之后。
如:He wrote many plays. 他寫了許多劇本。She loves swimming. 她喜歡游泳。
5. 賓語補足語:用來對賓語進行補充和說明,一般由名詞、非謂語動詞、形容詞等充當。如:He told us to stay. 他叫我們留下。
I've never seen her dancing. 我從未看見過她跳舞。I found it difficult to refuse him. 我感到很難拒絕他。
6. 定語:對名詞或代詞進行修飾、限制或說明,一般由形容詞、名詞、代詞、數詞、介詞短語、非謂語動詞及句子等充當,位置可在所修飾的詞之前,也可在所修飾的詞之后(詳見形容詞一章)。如:It's an interesting story. 那是一個有趣的故事。
Do you have time to help us? 你有時間幫助我們嗎?Who is the woman being operated on? 正在動手術的女人是誰?7. 狀語:用于修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞、短語或整個句子等,一般由副詞、介詞短語、非謂語動詞短語或句子充當。如:We like English very much. 我們非常喜歡英語。
Her uncle lives in Canada. 她叔叔住在加拿大。She was lying in bed reading. 她躺在床上看書。
United we stand, divided we fall. 團結則存,分裂則亡。8. 同位語:若兩個語法單位指同一個人或事物,并且,句法功能也一樣,那么,后一項稱為前一項的同位語。
如:This is my friend Harry. 這是我的朋友哈利。We students should study hard. 我們學生應該努力學習。
9. 獨立成分:與句子其他成分沒有通常的語法關系,如插入語、感嘆語、呼語等,一般用逗號將它與句子隔開。如:He's a nice person, to be sure. 肯定他是一個好人。
Strange to say, he did pass his exam after all. 說也奇怪,考試他竟然通過了。注:后兩種初中不要求掌握。
初中英語句子成分例句及詳解
1. 主語(subject):句子說明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east (名詞) He likes dancing. (代詞) Twenty years is a short time in history. (數詞) Seeing is believing. (動名詞) To see is to believe.(不定式) What he needs is a book.(主語從句) It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.(It形式主語,主語從句是真正主語)(一)指出下列句中主語的中心詞 ① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here.③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.2. 謂語(predicate):是對主語加以陳述,表示主語的行為或狀態,常用動詞或者動詞詞組擔任,放在主語的后面。We study English. He is asleep.(二). 選出句中謂語的中心詞 ① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall ② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer ③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon ⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast3. 表語(predicative):系動詞之后的成分,表示主語的性質、狀態和特征。
He is a teacher. (名詞) Seventy-four! You don't look it. (代詞) Five and five is ten. (數詞) He is asleep. (形容詞) His father is in.(副詞) The picture is on the wall. (介詞短語) My watch is gone / missing / lost. (形容詞化的分詞) The question is whether they will come. (表語從句) (常見的系動詞有: be, sound(聽起來), look(看起來), feel(摸起來,smell(聞起來), taste(嘗、吃起來), remain(保持,仍是), feel(感覺)…… It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds * voice sounds sweet. Tom looks * food smells delicious. The food tastes * door remains open. Now I feel tired. (三) 挑出下列句中的表語 ① The old man was feeling very tired. ② Why is he worried about Jim?③ The leaves have turned yellow. ④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.⑤ She was the first to learn about it.4. 賓語:1)動賓表示行為的對象,常由名詞或者代詞擔任。放在及物動詞或者介詞之后。
如:I like China. (名詞) He hates you. (代詞) How many do you need? We need two. (數詞)I enjoy working with you. (動名詞) I hope to see you again. (不定式) Did you write down what he said? (賓語從句) 2) 介詞后的名詞、代詞和動名詞-----介賓 Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks. 3) 雙賓語-----間賓(指人)和直賓(指物) He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money.(四) 挑出下列句中的賓語 ① My brother hasn't done his homework.② People all over the world speak English.③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.④ How many new words did you learn last class?⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?5. 賓補:對賓語的補充,全稱為賓語補足語。We elected him monitor. (名詞) We all think it a pity that she didn't come here. (名詞) We will make them happy. (形容詞) We found nobody in. ( 副詞 ) Please make yourself at home. (介詞短語) Don't let him do that. (省to不定式) His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. (帶to不定式) Don't keep the lights burning. (現在分詞) I'll have my bike repaired. (過去分詞)(五) 挑出下列句中的賓語補足語 ① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.② He asked her to take the boy out of school.③ She found it difficult to do the work.④ They call me Lily sometimes.⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?6. 定語:修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。
Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.(名詞) He is our friend. (代詞) We belong to the third world.(數詞) He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.(形容詞) The man over there is my old friend.(副詞) The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介詞) The boys playing football are in Class 2. (現在分詞) The trees planted last year are growing well now. (過去分詞) I have an idea to do it well.(不定式) You should do everything that I do. (定語從句)(六) 挑出下列句中的定語 ① They use Mr., Mrs. with the family name.② What is your given name?③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.7. 狀語:用來修飾v., adj., adv., or 句子。表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、程度、。
初中英語句子成分劃分
Tomorrow (時間狀語)they(主語) will cilmb over (助動詞will+動詞詞組構成謂語)a high mountain(賓語) Nobby(主語) wants(謂語) to make friends with selfish people(原因狀語,不定式表原因) The boy(主語) (is strong enough to 主語補足語)carry(謂語) the heavy box (賓語)by himself(賓補).希望能幫到你。
不明白hi我。
初中英語:句子成分
根據英語詞匯在英語句子中的地位和作用, 英語句子的成分可分為主語、謂語、賓語、賓語補足語、表語、定語、狀語、同位語及獨立成分等。其中,主語和謂語是句子的主要成分,一般情況下,一個句子不能缺少這兩種成分。
1. 主語:表示句子所要說明或描述的人或事物,一般由名詞、代詞或相當于名詞的詞組或句子充當,置于句首。如:
It's getting cold. 天冷起來了。
Now everything is ready. 現在一切都準備好了。
The teacher is very kind to us. 老師對我們很好。
2. 謂語:說明或描述主語的動作、狀態或特征,由動詞或動詞短語充當,位于主語之后。如:
Mother bought me a VCR. 媽給我買了一臺錄像機。
We have finished our work already. 我們已經完成了工作。
3. 表語:表示主語的身份、性質、狀態和特征,一般由名詞、形容詞、或相當于名詞、形容詞的詞、短語或句子充當,位于連系動詞之后,與連系動詞一起構成句子的謂語。如:
Be careful! 小心!
He looks very angry. 他看上去很生氣。
His job is looking after sheep. 他的任務是看羊。
4. 賓語:指動作所涉及的人或事物,一般由名詞、代詞或相當于名詞的詞組或句子充當,位于動詞之后。如:
He wrote many plays. 他寫了許多劇本。
She loves swimming. 她喜歡游泳。
5. 賓語補足語:用來對賓語進行補充和說明,一般由名詞、非謂語動詞、形容詞等充當。如:
He told us to stay. 他叫我們留下。
I've never seen her dancing. 我從未看見過她跳舞。
I found it difficult to refuse him. 我感到很難拒絕他。
6. 定語:對名詞或代詞進行修飾、限制或說明,一般由形容詞、名詞、代詞、數詞、介詞短語、非謂語動詞及句子等充當,位置可在所修飾的詞之前,也可在所修飾的詞之后(詳見形容詞一章)。如:
It's an interesting story. 那是一個有趣的故事。
Do you have time to help us? 你有時間幫助我們嗎?
Who is the woman being operated on? 正在動手術的女人是誰?
7. 狀語:用于修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞、短語或整個句子等,一般由副詞、介詞短語、非謂語動詞短語或句子充當。如:
We like English very much. 我們非常喜歡英語。
Her uncle lives in Canada. 她叔叔住在加拿大。
She was lying in bed reading. 她躺在床上看書。
United we stand, divided we fall. 團結則存,分裂則亡。
8. 同位語:若兩個語法單位指同一個人或事物,并且,句法功能也一樣,那么,后一項稱為前一項的同位語。如:
This is my friend Harry. 這是我的朋友哈利。
We students should study hard. 我們學生應該努力學習。
9. 獨立成分:與句子其他成分沒有通常的語法關系,如插入語、感嘆語、呼語等,一般用逗號將它與句子隔開。如:
He's a nice person, to be sure. 肯定他是一個好人。
Strange to say, he did pass his exam after all. 說也奇怪,考試他竟然通過了。
注:后兩種初中不要求掌握
在英語如何劃分句子成分
劃一劃:即在閱讀課文同時,把文中的重點句、中心句、名句以至生字、生詞,用不同的符號勾畫出來,既能加深印象,又便于復習鞏固,一目了然。
遇到規范句子,不妨劃分句子成分,復句還需標明關系,典型語段要劃分層次、歸納層意。遇到疑難,還要作標記,便于以后向老師同學求教。
。i don't think differences are important in a friendship。
2。holly's best friend likes to do the same things as she does。
3。here are the results of the student activity survey。
aditional chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy。 inese doctors believe that they should eat more yin foods like tofe。
6。i hope you're enjoying my school in new york。
7。i'm pianning to spend time in the beauteful countryside。
at be a lot more fun than taking a bus 9。we both enjoy going to party。
10。you are never too young to start doing things。
1。i(主語) don't think(謂語的否定形式) differences[長賓語中的主語] are important[長賓語的謂語] in a friendship[長賓語中的狀語/補語]。
(長賓語) 2。holly's best[長主語中的定語] friend(長主語) likes(謂語) to do [動詞不定式]the same things[補語中的賓語] as she does[狀語]。
(補語) 3。here (代替主語)are the results of the student activity survey真正的主語]。
(謂語) aditional chinese[長主語中的定語] doctors (長主語)believe (謂語)we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy[從句中的不定式]。 (長賓語) inese[定語] doctors(主語) believe (謂語)that they should eat more yin foods like tofe。
(賓語從句) 6。i (主語)hope(謂語) you're enjoying my school in new york。
(長賓語 ) 7。i(主語)'m pianning(謂語) to spend time(動詞不定式作補語) in the beauteful countryside。
(地點狀語) at(主語) be a lot more fun[謂語中的補語] than taking a bus [謂語中的比較狀語](謂語) 9。we (主語)both (補語)enjoy going to party[謂語中的補語]。
(謂語) 10。you(主語) are never [長謂語中的補語]too young to start doing [長謂語中的狀語]things。
(謂語) 。