1.英語形容詞副詞的語法總結
形容詞和副詞 形容詞 一.形容詞的定義: 形容詞表示人或事物的性質, 特征或狀態, 修飾名詞或不定代詞 二.形容詞在句中的作用: 作定語/作表語/作補語/作主語或賓語: the+adj表示某一類人或事物/作狀語 三.關于形容詞的作用要注意的問題: 1.有些形容詞只能作表語和補語, 不能象普通形容詞那樣作前置定語, 這樣的形容詞稱為表語形容詞, 如: alive, alone, asleep, alike, afraid, awake, ashamed, able, sure, ill, worth等詞; 表語形容詞作定語時需后置 2.有些形容詞只能作定語, 不能作表語, 這樣的形容詞稱為定語形容詞, 如: golden, wooden, silken, live(活的), elder(年長的), former前任的, latter后者, front前面的, back后面的, outer外部的 四.形容詞在句中的位置: 1.單個形容詞作定語時, 一般放在被修飾的名詞之前; 兩個或兩個以上的形容詞修飾一個名詞時, 同種類形容詞的排列順序一般應考慮以下兩種情況: ①.和被修飾的名詞關系比較密切的形容詞位置更靠近名詞 a. It is a touching English film. ②.音節少的形容詞在前, 音節多的形容詞在后 a. I have a small but beautiful room. 不同種類的詞同時出現在名詞前作定語時, 按以下順序進行排列: 數 詞 性 狀 形 容 詞 冠詞前的形容詞 冠詞,物主代詞,指示代詞,不定代詞,所有格 序數詞 基數詞 性質 狀態 數量 大小 長短 形狀 新舊 溫度 長幼 顏色 國籍 材料 來源 用途 all, both, such等 the, a, this, that another, your等 first, second, next等 one, five等 kind, good, sick等 large, long, round等 old cool等 red, blue等 Chinese English 等 iron, stone等 2.單個形容詞作定語時, 在下列情況之下, 形容詞應放在被修飾的詞之后 ①.形容詞修飾不定代詞something, nothing, anything等時應后置 a. Is there anything important in the article? b. There is something difficult in the lesson. c. There is nothing wrong in your homework. ②.形容詞修飾表示度量的名詞應后置 a. The building is seventeen storeys high. b. He is ten years old. c. The street is five hundred meters long. ③.用and / or連接的兩個形容詞通常放在被修飾的名詞之后, 起強調修飾語的作用 a. We will turn our motherland into a country, strong and modern. b. Every nation, big or small, has its rights. c. Power stations, large and small, have been set up all over the country. ④.有些過去分詞形容詞作定語時應后置, 如: given, left, won, missed等 a. None of the answers given (被給的答案) were correct. ⑤.表語形容詞作定語時需后置, 如: alive, present, possible等 a. He is the greatest writer alive. b. He was the only person awake at the moment. 3.形容詞短語作定語時, 需要后置 a. He is a worker worthy of praise. b. This is a problem difficult to solve. c. She is always ready to help others. 五.特殊的形容詞: 有些以-ly結尾的詞是形容詞, 而不是副詞, 這樣的詞如: friendly友好的, lovely可愛的, weekly每周的, orderly有秩序的, brotherly兄弟般的, lively活潑的, lonely孤獨的, likely可能的, deadly致命的 副 詞 一.副詞的種類: 1.一般副詞主要分為以下幾種: ①.時間副詞, 如: often, always, early, now ②.地點副詞, 如: here, there, above, outside ③.方式副詞, 如: hard, well, badly, fast, slowly ④.程度副詞, 如: very, quite, much, still, almost 2.疑問副詞(放在特殊疑問句的句首), 如: how, when, where, why 3.關系副詞(放在定語從句句首), 如: when, where, why 4.連接副詞(放在名詞從句句首), 如: how, when, where, why, whether 二.副詞在句中的作用: 副詞修飾動詞, 形容詞, 名詞, 副詞或全句, 在句中的作用如下 1.作狀語: a. You should always review your lessons. b. The visitors are warmly welcomed by the students. c. Certainly we should try out best to improve our work. 2.作表語: a. He is abroad. b. The class is over. c. The football match is on. 3.作定語: 副詞作定語時置于被修飾詞之后 a. This is her first day up. b. The comrades here give us a lot of help. 4.作補語(包括賓語補足語和主語補足語): a. I found all the lights on when I got home last night. 三.副詞在句中的位置: 1.時間副詞和地點副詞的位置: ①.表示確定時間的副詞和表示地點的副詞一般放在句尾. 若句中同時有地點副詞和時間副詞, 地點副詞通常在前, 時間副詞在后 a. They went to the Summer Palace yesterday. b. We often goes there. c. I will go there tomorrow. ②.表示不確定時間的副詞(如: always, usually, often, never, ever, seldom, sometimes, rarely, generally, frequently)的位置: 句子謂語是be時, 位于其后; 句子謂語是單個完全動詞時, 位于其前; 句子謂語由不完全動詞與完全動詞一起組成時, 位于第一個不完全動詞之后. a. She always helps her mother with the housework. b. The old man seldom goes out. c. He is always the first to come to class. d. They have already done their homework. 2.程度副詞除enough之外, 一般放在被修飾詞之前 a. The student is very careful with his work. b. He swims quite well. 。
*句型結構有哪些
在我的印象中With總是用于我和誰怎么樣 如:I do sth with my friend . 另一種是什么地方有什么東西 如:The city is big with 700 people. 這里的with是“和”的意思. 下面是我在網上找來的自己看啊. With是個介詞,基本的意思是“用”,但它也可以協助構成一個極為多采多姿的句型,在句子中起兩種作用;副詞與形容詞. with在下列結構中起副詞作用: 1.“with+賓語+現在分詞或短語”,如: (1) This article deals with common social ills, with particular attention being paid to vandalism. 2.“with+賓語+過去分詞或短語”,如: (2) With different techniques used, different results can be obtained. (3) The TV mechanic entered the factory with tools carried in both hands. 3.“with+賓語+形容詞或短語”,如: (4) With so much water vapour present in the room, some iron-made utensils have become rusty easily. (5) Every night, Helen sleeps with all the windows open. 4.“with+賓語+介詞短語”,如: (6) With the school badge on his shirt, he looks all the more serious. (7) With the security guard near the gate no bad character could do any thing illegal. 5.“with+賓語+副詞虛詞”,如: (8) You cannot leave the machine there with electric power on. (9) How can you lock the door with your guests in? 上面五種“with”結構的副詞功能,相當普遍,尤其是在科技英語中. 接著談“with”結構的形容詞功能,有下列五種: 一、“with+賓語+現在分詞或短語”,如: (10) The body with a constant force acting on it. moves at constant pace. (11) Can you see the huge box with a long handle attaching to it ? 二、“with+賓語+過去分詞或短語” (12) Throw away the container with its cover sealed. (13) Atoms with the outer layer filled with electrons do not form compounds. 三、“with+賓語+形容詞或短語”,如: (14) Put the documents in the filing container with all the drawers open. 四、“with+賓語+介詞短語”,如: (15) The young lady with a red ribbon on her head is my former maths teacher. (16) Do you know the gentleman with both hands in his pockets? 五、“with+賓語+副詞虛詞,”如: (17) Is there any water in the kettle with this cover off ? (18) Out went the boy scouts with their uniforms on.。
3.感嘆句What和How的具體用法,句型結構要有例句,
感嘆句結構 感嘆句通常有what,how引導,表示贊美、驚嘆、喜 悅、等感情.what修飾名詞,how 修飾形容詞,副詞或動詞,感嘆句結構主要有以下幾種:掌握它的搭配,即掌握了感嘆句的重點.How +形容詞+ a +名詞+ 陳述語序 How+形容詞或副詞+ 陳述語序What +名詞+ 陳述語序What+a+形容詞+名詞+ 陳述語序What+ 形容詞+復數名詞+ 陳述語序What+ 形容詞+不可數名詞+ 陳述語序How clever a boy is!How lovely the baby is!What noise they are making!What a clever boy he is!What wonderful ideas (we have)!What cold weather it is!感嘆句的省略形式為:What a clever boy (he is)!典型例題1)___ food you've cooked!* a nice * a nice * nice * nice答案D.由于How 修飾形容詞,副詞;what修飾名詞.且food為不可數名詞,因此A,B 排除.C How + adj.后面不能再加名詞,因此只有D正確,其句型為What + adj.+n.(不可數)2)___terrible weather we've been having these days!* * a * * a 答案*r為不可數名詞,B,D排除.C為how + adj.后面不應有名詞.只有A,符合句型What +形容詞+不可數名詞.3) --- _____ I had!--- You really suffered a * a time * time * a time * time答案A.感嘆句分兩類:1:What + n.+主謂部分 2:How + adj./ adv./ v.+主謂部分.本題屬第一種,但省略了bad,相對于 What a bad time I had!這是個習慣用語.。
4.用形容詞比較級的句型結構各寫三句話
1. one of the +最高級,表示“最……之一”。
The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.
2. 比較級之前加much, even, a little, a lot等,表示不同程度。
It's even warmer today than yesterday.
3. “比較級+and+比較級”或“more and more+原級” 表示“越來越……”。
She is becoming more and more beautiful.
Things are getting better and better.
4. “the+比較級,the+比較級” 表示“越……越……”。
The more, the better.
5. “比較級+than any other+單數名詞”表示“比任何一個都……”。
He is cleverer than any other boy in his class.
6. 比較級前可用“數詞+名詞”構成的名詞短語表示確定的數量。
She could not take a step further.
7. 比較對象要呼應,相比內容必須相同,相比對象可用that,those或do代替。
The price of meat is higher than that of rice.
8.比較級在比較結構中一定要將自己本身除外(指在同一范圍內),常用other或else來表示。
Jack studies harder than anyone else in his class.
9. “甲+be+the+比較級+of two+……”表示 “兩者中較……..的”。
Tom is the taller of the two (brothers).
10. 次數、倍數、分數和百分數的比較級。原則:大于或小于的數量必須前置
The room is one-third as big as that one.
5.比較級句型結構
常用形容詞比較級結構小結 1.當as… as 中有名詞時 as +形容詞+ a +單數名詞 /as + many/much +名詞 This is as good an example as the other is. I can carry as much paper as you can.. 2. 倍數+ as + adj. + as= 倍數+ the+ of,表示倍數的詞或其他程度副詞做修飾語時放在as前 This room is twice as big as that one. (Your room is the same size as mine.) This bridge is three times as long as that one. (This bridge is three times the length of that one. )Your room is twice as large as mine.( Your room is twice the size of mine.) 3.可修飾比較級的詞 a bit, a little, much, a lot, still, even,far等 *,old 和 far 1) 如果后接名詞時, much more +不可數名詞 ;many more +可數名詞復數 2) old 有兩種比較級和最高級形式: older/oldest 和elder/eldest,elder,eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的長幼關系。
My elder brother is an engineer. 3) far 有兩種比較級,farther,further. 在英語中兩者都可指距離。在美語中,father 表示距離,further表示進一步。
I have nothing further to say. * + 最高級 + 比較范圍 The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. 形容詞最高級前通常必須用定冠詞 the,副詞最高級前可不用。 形容詞most前面沒有the,不表示最高級的含義,只表示"非常"。
It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem. 6.“the + 形容詞”的兩種用法 “the+形容詞”既可以等同于復數普通名詞,也可以等同于抽象名詞,代表一類人或事。The rich are apt to look down upon the poor.富人常常輕視窮人。
The poet had an yearning for the supernatural.詩人憧憬超自然的東西。 這種用法也可以適用于“the+現在分詞”及“the+過去分詞”。
The unexpected always happens. 天有不測風云。 The wounded and the dying were rushed to hospital. 受傷的人和垂死的人被急送到醫院去了。
7. “the+ 比較級+理由” 該句型具有“更加”的意思。常以“all (或much) the+ 比較級”的形式出現。
例如: I am the more inclined to help him because he is poor. 因為他窮,我更想幫他。 It is all the more dangerous for not being generally recognized as such. 一般不認為危險的,反而更加危險。
8.“the+比較級。,the+比較級。”
該句型的意思為“越……越……”。
例如: The more he flatters me,the less I like him.他越是迎合我,我越不喜歡他。 The higher the mountain is, the more people like to climb it; the more dangerous the mountain is, the more they wish to conquer it.山越高,人越想爬;山越危險,人越想征服它。
這種句型常用省略說法,The sooner,the better.越快越好。 More haste,less speed. 欲速則不達。
9.“the last+不定式/形容詞從句”。意思是“最不大可能的、最不適的”。
Money is the last thing he wants, and you won't succeed by offering it.他決不要錢,你想用錢去買動他是決不可能的。 The author should be the last person to talk about his work.作者最不宜討論他的作品。
10.序數詞通常只修飾最高級。 Africa is the second largest continent.11.否定詞語+比較級","否定詞語+ so… as"結構表示最高級含義 Nothing is so easy as this=Nothing is easier than this. =This is the easiest thing. 12.. more詞組 1) the more… the more… 越……就越…… The harder you work,the greater progress you'll make. 2) no more… than…不比……多/ no less… than… 不如 ……The officials could see no more than the Emperor. He is no less diligent than you. 3) more than不只是,非常 She is more than kind to us all. 13.“so+形容詞/副詞+that” 在“so”后接形容詞和副詞表示因果關系,“that”之前表示原因,“that”之后表示結果。
例如: Those ponds and streams are so small that they cannot be shown in your maps.那些池塘和小溪太小,所以你的地圖上沒有。 He had lived so long in Asia that he had forgotten his English way of life. 他在亞洲住得太久,所以英國的生活習慣都已經忘記了。
14. “so much so that” 理解為“如此……以至于” The patient was very tired when he returned from the ride, so much so that he could not sit up.病人坐車回家時非常疲倦,疲倦得甚至不能坐起來。 He is poor, so much so that he can hardly get enough to live.他很窮,窮得幾乎難以生活下去。
15.“more+原級+than” 這種句型一般將不同性質加以比較,可以理解為“與其說……不如說”。例如: He is more witty than wise.與其說他聰明,不如說他機智。
He is more dead than alive. 與其說他活著,不如說他死了。 16.“much more”和“much less” 以上兩種表達法都有“更加”的意思。
“much more”用于肯定句,表示程度加強;“much less”用于否定句,表示程度減少。例如: I like music, much more dancing.我喜歡音樂,更喜歡跳舞。
I don't like music, much less dancing.我不喜歡音樂,更不喜歡跳舞。 17..“would sooner(rather)。
than”和“ would as soon。as” 均可理解為“寧愿……也不”。
He would rather(sooner) resign than take part in such 。
6.英語句子成分..動詞.名詞.形容詞..副詞..給說一下
一、英語句子成分: 組成句子的各個部分叫句子成分。
英語句子成分有主語,謂語,表語,賓語,補語,定語,狀語等。 1、主語:主語表示句子主要說明的人或事物。
可以作主語的成分有名詞,主格代詞,動詞不定式,動名詞等。主語一般在句首。
注意名詞單數形式常和冠詞不分家! 2、謂語:謂語說明主語的動作,狀態或特征。謂語由動詞或動詞詞組擔任,是英語時態、語態變化的主角,一般在主語之后。
不及物動詞(vi.)沒有賓語,形成主謂結構。一般可分為兩類: 1)簡單謂語:由動詞(或短語動詞)構成。
We study for the people. 2)復合謂語:情態動詞+動詞原形。These children can speak English well. 3、賓語:賓語表示動作行為的對象,賓語位于及物動詞之后,一般同主語構成一樣,能作賓語的有名詞,代詞,數詞,動詞不定式等。
不同的是構成賓語的代詞必須是‘代詞賓格’。 有些及物動詞可以帶兩個賓語,往往一個指人,一個指物,指人的叫間接賓語,指物的叫直接賓語。
間接賓語一般位于直接賓語之前。一般的順序為:動詞 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語。
如:Give me a cup of tea, please. 強調間接賓語順序為:動詞 + 直接賓語 + to + 間接賓語。如:Show this house to Mr. Smith. 若直接賓語為人稱代詞:動詞+ 代詞直接賓語 + to + 間接賓語。
如:Bring it to me , please. 4、賓補:有些及物動詞的賓語后面還需要有一個補足語,對其加以補充說明,意思才完整,叫賓補。賓語和它的補足語構成復合賓語。
通常由形容詞,名詞,代詞,數詞,不定式,分詞等充當。 如:We make him our monitor. 我們選他當班長。
再比如:What he said made me happy. 這個句子,What he said(他說的什么)是主語,made(使)是謂語動詞,me(我)是賓語,而happy在這兒起到了對賓語我補充說明的作用,說明我怎么樣,就是賓補。 5、表語:表語是謂語的一部分,它位于系動詞之后,說明主語身份,特征,屬性,狀態,性質等。
可為形容詞、副詞、名詞、代詞、不定式、分詞。當連系動詞不是be,而其后是名詞和代詞時,多表達‘轉變為’之意,注意與動賓關系的區別。
感官動詞多可用作連系動詞:look well/面色好,sound nice/聽起來不錯,feel good/感覺好,smell bad/難聞。 例:Tom is a boy./主語為Tom,系詞為be動詞的第三人稱單數is,表語為a boy 。
6、定語:定語是對名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語或句子,漢語中常用‘……的’表示。定語通常位于被修飾的成分前。
若修飾some, any, every, no構成的復合不定代詞時,(如:something)。副詞用作定語時須放在名詞之后。
但副詞,動詞不定式,介詞短語等作定語時,則放在被修飾的詞之后。從句作定語時,則定語通常也置后。
The bike in the room is mine. 1)形容詞作定語:The little boy needs a blue pen. Tom is a handsome boy. 2)數詞作定語相當于形容詞:Two boys need two pens. There are two boys in the room. 3)代詞或名詞所有格作定語:His name is Tom. There are two boys of Toms there. 4)介詞短語作定語:The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours. 5)名詞作定語:The boy needs a ball pen. /There is only one ball pen in the pencil box. 6)副詞作定語:The boy there needs a pen. The best boy here is Tom. 7)不定式作定語: The boy to write this letter is Tom. There is nothing to do today. 8)分詞(短語)作定語:The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother. The pen bought by her is made in China. There are five boys left. 7、狀語:狀語修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或全句,說明方式、因果、條件、時間、地點、讓步、方向、程度、目的等。用作狀語的通常是副詞。
狀語在句子中的位置很靈活,常見情況為:通常在句子基本結構之后,強調時放在句首;修飾形容詞或副詞時,通常位于被修飾的詞之前;表示時間、地點、目的的狀語一般位于句子兩頭,強調時放在句首,地點狀語一般須在時間狀語之前;一些表示不確定時間(如:often)或程度(如:almost)的副詞狀語通常位于be動詞、助動詞、情態動詞之后,動詞之前。有時狀語在句中的某個位置會引起歧義,如:The boy calls the girl in the classroom.一般理解成‘男孩喊教室里的女孩’(in the classroom為girl的定語),也可以理解為‘男孩在教室里喊女孩’(in the classroom為地點狀語),最好寫作 ‘In the classroom, the boy calls the girl.' 1)副詞(短語)作狀語: The boy needs a pen very much./男孩非常需要一支鋼筆。
(程度狀語) The boy really needs a pen./ 男孩真的需要一支鋼筆。(程度狀語) The boy needs a pen now./ Now, the boy needs a pen. /男孩現在需要一支鋼筆。
The boy , now , needs a pen./男孩現在需要一支鋼筆。(時間狀語) 2)介詞短語作狀語: In the classroom, the boy needs a pen./在教室里,男孩需要一支鋼筆。
(地點狀語) Before his mother, Tom is always a boy./在母親面前,湯姆總是一個男孩.(條件狀語) On Sundays, there is no student in the classroom./周日,教室里沒學生.(時間狀。