請教定語從句請舉例說明關系副詞在定語從句中作副詞的句子,并把句
在定語從句中用關系代詞還是關系副詞取決于先行詞在定語從句中的成分,如果先行詞做賓語用(that/which),先行詞做狀語用關系副詞when表時間,where表地點,why表原因.請看下面幾個例句: 1。
We shall never forget the day (that/which )we spent together。 that/which是關系代詞,代表先行詞the day 在句中做spent的賓語.因為spent是及物動詞. 2。
We shall never forget the day (when) our football won。 when 是關系副詞表時間。
因為won是不及物動詞,不帶賓語. 3。This is the place (that/which )we visited yesterday。
(that/which )是關系代詞,代表先行詞the place,做visited的賓語 This is the place (where )we lived last year。 (where )關系副詞做地點狀語,代替the place ,因為lived 是不及物動詞. This is the reason (why) he was late。
why 關系副詞,做原因狀語。 等于 for which The reason that he gave me is doubtful。
that是關系代詞做gave的賓語 。
定語從句的關系副詞
定語從句的關系副詞是when、where、why。
一、關系副詞when的用法。when在從句中用作時間狀語,其先行詞須是表時間的名詞。
如:We will put off the picnic until next week, when the weather may be better.我們打算把野餐推遲到下周,那時天氣可能轉好。He came last night when I was out.他昨晚來時我出去了。
that有時亦可用作表時間的關系副詞。如:It happened on the day that I was born.那件事是在我出生的那一天發生的。
二、關系副詞where的用法。where在從句中用作地點狀語,其先行詞須是表地點的名詞。
如:They went to the Royal Theatre, where they saw Ibsen's "The Doll's house".他們去皇家劇院看了易卜生的《傀儡家庭》。The place where Macbeth met the witches was a desolate heath.麥克白遇見女巫的地方是一片荒原。
where的先行詞亦可是有地點含義的抽象名詞。如:He has reached the point where a change is needed.他已到了需要改弦易轍的地步。
三、關系副詞why的用法。why在從句中用作原因狀語,其先行詞只有reason,并且只能用在限制性定語從句中,如:That is no reason why you should leave.那不是你必須離開的原因。
He refused to disclose the reason why he did it.他拒絕透露他做那件事的原因。有時why可以省去。
如:That's one of the reasons I asked you to come.那是我要你來的原因之一。有時why可用that代替。
如:The reason that he died was lack of medical care.他死于缺乏醫療。
有關系副詞引導的定語從句的句子成分
在定語從句上介詞加which其實也有一些規律
在從句中的狀語們
地點狀語 時間狀語 原因狀語 where=in which
when=on which 而why就是=for which的
我將句子結構分析給你
第一個句子 這是個原因 什么原因呢 為什么他沒有來學校的原因
而第二個句子 this is reason for which he came so late (我將上面疑問句改成陳述語序比較易于分析)
he came so late for sth “他來的很晚因為一件事” 這里for為“因為”意
而這里的sth 他來的晚的原因 就是前面的先行詞 理由 reason
他來的晚是因為這個特定的理由 所以將這里for后面接的賓語sth(也就是reason)用關系代詞which換掉 也就變成了he came so late for which 將for which一起提到先行詞的后面 句子就變為this is reason for which he came so late
我這是在和你解釋語法上的
重要的是你要記住:in which =where
on which=when for which=why
三個關系副詞在后面從句中充當狀語都有相應的介詞加which與它們等價替換
如果你做了大量的題目后 這就變成了規律 可當規律是使用的
自家語言,可能有贅述以及不嚴謹的地方,但愿不妨礙你的理解。不過不知道你懂不懂 我當初也糾結老半天 如果腦子想不行的話 就那個草稿本邊想邊按我說一步一步地畫畫看 實在不能理解 那就去問老師咯
這是定語從句中重要問題 要理解透徹 不要臉皮薄噢.
定語從句中關系副詞得用法
關系副詞引導的定語從句 1. when指時間,在定語從句中做時間狀語 (1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school. (2) The time when we got together finally came.2. where指地點,在定語從句中做地點狀語 (1) Shanghai is the city where I was born. (2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 3. why指原因,在定語從句中做原因狀語 (1) Please tell me the reason法罰瘁核誆姑搭太但咖 why you missed the plane. (2) I don't know the reason why he looks unhappy today. 注意:關系副詞引導的從句可以由“介詞+關系代詞”引導的從句替換 (1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear, (2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up. (3) Great changes have taken place in the city in which./where I was born. 判斷關系代詞與關系副詞 方法一: 用關系代詞,還是關系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。
及物動詞后面無賓語,就必須要求用關系代詞;而不及物動詞則要求用關系副詞。例如: This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you. 判斷改錯(注:先顯示題,再顯示答案,橫線;用不同的顏色表示出。)
(錯) This is the mountain village where I visited last year. (錯) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. (對) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. (對) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside. 習慣上總把表地點或時間的名詞與關系副詞 where, when聯系在一起。此兩題錯在關系詞的誤用上。
方法二: 準確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀),也能正確選擇出關系代詞/關系副詞。例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age? A. where B. that C. on which D. the one 例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held. A. where B. that C. on which D. the one答案: 例1 D,例2 A 例1變為肯定句: This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.例2變為肯定句: This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held. 在句1中,所缺部分為賓語,而where, that, on which都不能起到賓語的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表語,又可做從句的賓語,可以省略關系代詞,所以應選D。
而句2中, 主、謂、賓俱全,從句部分為句子的狀語表地點,既可用副詞where,又因 in the museum詞組,可用介詞in + which 引導地點狀語。而此題中,介詞on 用的不對,所以選A。
關系詞的選擇依據在從句中所做的成分,先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時,選擇關系代詞 (who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行詞在從句中做狀語時,應選擇關系副詞 ( where 地點狀語,when 時間狀語,why 原因狀語) 。 如果大大想鞏固更多關于定語從句,可以去百科看看:http://**view/*#8。
初中定語從句中關系副詞的用法
定語從句關系副詞的用法(在從句中中作狀語)
(1)when指時間,其先行詞表示時間,在句中作時間狀語。如:
This was the time when he arrived.
(2)where指地點,其先行詞表示地點,在句中作地點狀語。如:
This is place where he works.
(3)why 指原因,其先行詞是原因,起原因狀語作用。如:
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.
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