華閱文章網初二年級上冊英語重點句型和語法
unit 10 I'm going to be a basketball player【復習目標】復習有關職業的英文表達方式 / 未來計劃的制定談論未來自己與他人理想的職業及原因 / 談論為實現理想所做出的打算和安排【語言目標】● What are you going to be when you grow up I'm going to be a computer programmer.● How are you going to do that I'm going to study computer science.【語言結構】● be going to 表示將來 want to be what, where, when, how 引導的特殊疑問句【重點詞匯】● computer programmer, professional, engineer, pilot● computer science, dream job, grow up, move to , fashion, show, retire, save● resolution, get good, grades, get a part-time job, make more friends 【應掌握的詞組】1. grow up 長大，成長 2. computer science計算機科學 3. be going to do 表示主觀打算，準備或有信心做某事 4. computer programmer 電腦程序設計人 5. baseball player 棒球運動員 6. take acting lessons上演技課 7. professional basketball player職業籃球運動員 8. practice basketball練習籃球9. move somewhere=move to somewhere搬到（不具體的）某一地方 10. sound like 聽起來像……11. part-time 兼職的，full-time 全職的，全日制的 12. a year or two 一兩年=one or two years;an hour or two=one or two hours一兩個小時a day or two=one or two days一兩天 13. my dream job我夢想的工作 14. what I want to do 我想做的事情 15. somewhere interesting有趣的地方 16. a reporter for fashion magazine 時裝雜志記者 17. save some money 積蓄一些錢，攢錢 18. at the same time與此同時 19. hold art exhibition舉辦美術展覽 20. all over the world全世界，世界各地 21. somewhere quiet and beautiful 安靜而美麗的地方 22. send sth. to sb. 將某物發送給某人23. I'm not sure yet我還沒有定下來 24. the Olympic Games=the Olympics奧運會 25. New Year's resolutions新年的決心 26. play an instrument 彈一種樂器 27. get a part-time job找到一份兼職工作 28. make the soccer team組建足球隊 29. get good grades獲得好成績 30. eat healthier food吃健康的食物 31. get lots of exercise多進行體育鍛煉 32. take guitar lessons上吉他課 33. I really love music我酷愛音樂 34. sounds interesting聽起來很有意思 35. communicate with sb.與某人交流 36. a foreign language teacher 一份當外語教師的工作 37. keep fit 保持身體健康 38. work harder in school 在學校里更努力學習 39. make one's resolution 表決心 40. after high school=leave school中學畢業后 41. international magazines 國際雜志社 42. the exchange students留學生 43. have a welcome party 召開一個歡迎會【應掌握的句子】1. I am going to be a basketball player. 我想成為一名籃球運動員.2. How are you going to do that I'm going to study computer science.你打算怎樣做 我打算學習計算機科學.3. Being a computer programmer is his dream.當一名電腦程序設計人是他的夢想.4. Cheng Han is going to be an actor. 程漢想要當一名演員.5. Where is Cheng Han going to move He's going to move to New York. 程漢打算要搬到哪里去 他打算要搬到紐約去.6. Where are you going to work 你打算在哪里工作 I'm not sure yet.我還沒有定下來.Maybe Beijing or Shanghai.也許在北京或上海吧.Unit 11 Could you please clean your room 【復習目標】如何禮貌地提出要求，禮貌地請求允許做某事.寫留言條以請求他人的幫助.【語言目標】Could you take out the trash * I borrow the car Sorry, but I need it, I have to go to a meeting,I have to make the bed and do the laundry.【語言結構】用Could委婉地表示請求 用could委婉地請求許可 make與do的區別【重點詞匯】● do the chores, do the dishes, sweep the floor, take out the trash, fold the clothes,clean the living room, do the laundry, wash the car● buy some drinks and snacks, borrow some money, invite your friends● teenager, hate / take care of / feed【應掌握的詞組】1. could you please…你能……嗎 /請你干…….好嗎 2. do the dishes 洗餐具3. sweep the floor清掃地板 4. take out the trash倒垃圾 5. make one's bed鋪床 6. fold one's clothes疊衣服 7. clean the living room 清掃客廳 8. stay out late晚歸 9. his father's reason他父親的理由 10. get a ride搭車 11. use one's computer 使用某人的電腦 12. hate sth./to do sth.討厭某事/做某事13. do the laundry=do some washing=wash clothes洗衣服14. make breakfast, make dinner, do some cooking 做飯 15. wash the car刷車16. work on 從事，忙于 17. work at學習，致力于，在……上下工夫 18. borrow some money借一些錢 19. invite sb. to do sth邀請某人做某事 20. go to the store去商店 * sb. to do sth.同意某人做某事 22. agree with sb. =agree with what one says同意某人的意見23.（需了解） make a deal作成交易make a face做鬼臉；make a fool of捉弄，使出洋相make friends with與……交朋友make a name for himself成名make a note of注意，記下來。
【初二英語必備單詞,句型,短語】
初二英語知識點復習（總結版）* ： 拿走take sb. / sth. to someplace;take sth. with you bring： 帶來bring sth for a picnicIt's going to rain, please take an umbrella with *'d better finish your homework today and bring it to school * + 名詞 + 形容詞Keep the windows open, it's hot * sb doing sthI'm sorry I've kept you waiting for a long *表示“借”用于和一段時間連用：How long can I keep this book?* / make / have sb do sth讓（使）某人干某事Let's go to the zoo!How did he make the baby stop crying?* to do sth忘記去做某事 remember to do sth記得去做某事forget doing sth 忘記做過某事remember doing sth記得做過某事* to do sth停下來做另一件事情stop doing sth停止正在做的事情stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人干某事Let's stop to have a test, it's too hot * the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped * plant trees to stop the wind from blowing the earth * / startto do sth * / ask sb to do sth否定形式 tell / ask sb not to do sth. Policemen asked us not to play on the road , it was too * P.E. teacher told us a * / hear / watch sb do sthsee/ hear /watch sb doing sthI heard him singing in the room when I passed * sth ; enjoy doing sth ;enjoy oneself = have a good timeOur classmates went to the zoo last Sunday. They enjoyed * busy with sth;be busy doing sthThey are all busy with their * doing * didn't go to bed until he finished writing the *h/to do sth/sb to do sthwould likesth/to do sth/sb to do sthfeel like doing * didn't feel like eating * better do sth否定形式：had better not do sthYou'd better not sing here, the baby is * not do sth ?=why don't you do sth ?=Why didn't you do sth ?Why not come with me?* about sth/what about doing sth ?=How about -----?How about playing basketball with us?* you for sth /Thanks for doing * for your help.------------It's a * very much for helping *d往往放在句首或句尾instead of sth/instead of doing sth.通常放中間He didn't go to the park. He went to the cinema * went to the cinema instead of going to the park..* on 強調動作wear 強調狀態in 介詞，構成一個短詞Put on your old clothes tomorrow, because we'll do some * is wearing a red sweater * man in a blue suit is Mr. Li18.在if 引導的條件狀語從句、以when , before, after , as soon as 引導的時間狀語從句， 當主句是：一般將來時態、含情態動詞或祈使句的情況下，從句用一般現在時表示將來時.We'll go hiking if it doesn't rain * doesn't rain=it isn't rainyI'll tell her the good news as soon as I see her.同樣的情況還適用于not ---- until 句型I won't go to bed until I finish my homework.19.在以when引導的時間狀語從句， 當從句是一般過去時態時，主句往往用過去進行時，表示在過去的某一時刻正在發生或正在進行的動作：They were having supper when I got to their *'s time for sth /It's time to do sth /It's time for sb to do *'s time for us to start our lesson * takes /It took /It will takesomebody some time to do * took them twenty minutes to finish the * will take us about ten hours to finish our * 作形式主語或形式賓語，其真正的主語或賓語是后面帶to 的動詞不定式：It's necessary to learn English * found it difficult to work out the maths * ----to 句型，too ---- for sb todo sth ----，對某人來說太-----以致于不能-----The apples on thetreeare too high for me to * is too young to go to * 用法：形前名后， big enough;enough food----- enough to do sth足夠-------能夠-------Jim is old enough to go to school. * , a little 修飾不可數名詞 ；much 修飾不可數few a few 修飾可數名詞；many 修飾可數a littlea few 具有肯定含義little few 具有否定含義some, any , a lot of = lots of 既可以 修飾不可數，也可以修飾可數名詞；Thereis a little time left, take it *'d better go shopping ,there are few eggs *. Little doesn't have much money. （否定句中常用much而不用a lot of ）* too 中心詞是too， 常修飾形容詞， It's much too cold today,we should wear warm clothes. too much中心詞是much， 常修飾不可數名詞， There's too much water,please be careful..27.有關情態動詞的問答：May I ------?No, you can'*, you mustn'* I /we-----?No, you needn't. 要注意could 和can的區別：could可表示語氣的委婉，也表示過去的能力Could you help me ?Could she swim when she was four years old？要注意must 和have to 的區別：must強。
初二上冊人教版英語語法
初二英語語法總結1) leave的用法 1.“leave+地點”表示“離開某地”。
例如： When did you leave Shanghai？ 你什么時候離開上海的？ 2.“leave for+地點”表示“動身去某地”。例如： Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五，愛麗斯要去倫敦了。
3.“leave+地點+for+地點”表示“離開某地去某地”。例如： Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing？ 你為什么要離開上海去北京？ 2） 情態動詞should“應該”學會使用 should作為情態動詞用，常常表示意外、驚奇、不能理解等，有“竟會”的意思，例如： How should I know？ 我怎么知道？ Why should you be so late today？ 你今天為什么來得這么晚？ should有時表示應當做或發生的事，例如： We should help each other.我們應當互相幫助。
我們在使用時要注意以下幾點： 1. 用于表示“應該”或“不應該”的概念。此時常指長輩教導或責備晚輩。
例如： You should be here with clean hands. 你應該把手洗干凈了再來。 2. 用于提出意見勸導別人。
例如： You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感覺不舒服，你最好去看醫生。 3. 用于表示可能性。
should的這一用法是考試中常常出現的考點之一。例如： We should arrive by supper time. 我們在晚飯前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她隨時都可能來。 3) What。
？ 與 Which。? 1. what 與 which 都是疑問代詞，都可以指人或事物，但是what僅用來詢問職業。
如： What is your father？ 你父親是干什么的？ 該句相當于： What does your father do? What is your father's job? Which 指代的是特定范圍內的某一個人。如： ---Which is Peter？ 哪個是皮特？ ---The boy behind Mary. 瑪麗背后的那個男孩。
2. What。？是泛指，所指的事物沒有范圍的限制；而 Which。
？是特指，所指的事物有范圍的限制。如： What color do you like best？ （所有顏色） 你最喜愛什么顏色？ Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow？ （有特定的范圍） 你最喜愛哪一種顏色？ 3. what 與 which 后都可以接單、復數名詞和不可數名詞。
如： Which pictures are from China？ 哪些圖片來自中國？ 4） 頻度副詞的位置 1.常見的頻度副詞有以下這些： always（總是，一直） usually（通常） often（常常，經常） sometimes（有時候） never（從不） 2.頻度副詞的位置： a.放在連系動詞、助動詞或情態動詞后面。如： David is often arrives late for school. 大衛上學經常遲到。
b.放在行為動詞前。如： We usually go to school at 7:10 every day. 我們每天經常在7:10去上學。
c.有些頻度副詞可放在句首或句尾，用來表示強調。如： Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike. 有時我步行回家，有時我騎自行車。
*放在句首時，主語、謂語動詞要倒裝。如： Never have I been there. 5) every day 與 everyday 1. every day 作狀語，譯為“每一天”。
如： We go to school at 7:10 every day. 我們每天7:10去上學。 I decide to read English every day. 我決定每天讀英語。
2. everyday 作定語，譯為“日常的”。 She watches everyday English on TV after dinner. 她晚飯后在電視上看日常英語。
What's your everyday activity？ 你的日常活動是什么？ 6） 什么是助動詞 1.協助主要動詞構成謂語動詞詞組的詞叫助動詞（Auxiliary Verb）。被協助的動詞稱作主要動詞（Main Verb）。
助動詞自身沒有詞義，不可單獨使用，例如： He doesn't like English. 他不喜歡英語。 （doesn't是助動詞，無詞義；like是主要動詞，有詞義） 2.助動詞協助主要動詞完成以下功用，可以用來： a. 表示時態，例如： He is singing. 他在唱歌。
He has got married. 他已結婚。 b. 表示語態，例如： He was sent to England. 他被派往英國。
c. 構成疑問句，例如： Do you like college life？ 你喜歡大學生活嗎？ Did you study English before you came here？你來這兒之前學過英語嗎？ d. 與否定副詞not合用，構成否定句，例如： I don't like him. 我不喜歡他。 e. 加強語氣，例如： Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定來參加晚會。
He did know that. 他的確知道那件事。 3.最常用的助動詞有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would 7) forget doing/to do與remember doing/to do * to do 忘記要去做某事。
（未做） forget doing 忘記做過某事。 （已做） The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off. 辦公室的燈還在亮著，它忘記關了。
（沒有做關燈的動作） He forgot turning the light off. 他忘記他已經關了燈了。 （ 已做過關燈的動作） Don't forget to come tomorrow. 別忘了明天來。
（to come動作未做） 典型例題 ---- The light in the office is still on. ---- Oh,I forgot___. A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off 答案：C。由the light is still on 可知燈亮著，即關燈的動作沒有發生，因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth 表示燈已經關上了，而自己忘記了這一事實。
此處不符合題意。 *er to do 記得去做某事 （未做） remember doing 記得做過某事 （已做） Remember to go to the post office after school. 記著。
初2上學期英語句型.
英語常用句型1. 否定句型1） 一般否定句I don't know this. No news is good * is no person (smoke)/not a person/not any person (smoke) in the house.2）特指否定He went to his office, not to see him.I am sorry for not coming on time.I don't think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right.3）部分否定All the answers are not right//All is not gold that glittersI don't know all of them.//I can't see everybody/* of them are not right.4）全體否定None of my friends smoke.//I can see nothing/*r of them is right.//Nothing can be so simple as this.5） 延續否定You didn't see him, neither/nor did * don't know, I don't know * doesn't know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of （更不用說） French.6） 半否定句We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing.I know little English. I saw few people.7） 雙重否定You can't make something out of nothing.//What's done cannot be * is no sweet without sweat.//No gain without pains.I can't help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear * man is so old but (that) he can learn.8）排除否定Everyone is ready except you.//He did nothing but * for your help, I couldn't do it.9）加強否定I won't do it at all.//I can't see it any more.//He is no longer a boy.2. 判斷句型1） 一般判斷句It is important for us to learn * is kind of you to help me sincere means * boy is called/named * regarded/consider it as an honor.2）強調判斷It is English that we should learn.//It is he who helped me a lot.3）弱式判斷Your sentence doesn't sound/look/appear/feel * look/seem as if/as thought you had been there **Perhaps/ she is * is probably ill.//He is likely ill. //It is possible that he is late4） 注釋判斷He can remember so many English words, that is (to say) he is a living dictionary.（活字典）5） 正反判斷That sounds all right, but in fact it is not.6） 比較判斷It is more a picture than a poem.7） 互斥判斷He or you are wrong. Either he is right or I am.3. 祝愿祁使句式1） 一般句式Study hard and keep fit. Be brave! Don't be shy! Get out of here.2）強語式Do tell me. Never tell a lie.3） 委婉祈使句Please tell me the true. Would/Will/Won't do me a favor?Would/Do you mind my smoking? What/How/ about going on foot?4）建議祈使句Let us go. Let us know the time. Don't let the fire *'s not waste the time. You'd better start * we listen to some music? Why don't you get something to drink?Suppose/supposing you pick me up at about six?I suggest we (should) take the train. 5）祝愿句Success to you! //Wish you a good * you have a happy marriage. //Here's to your success!Allow me to propose a toast to our friendship!4. 感嘆句型How well he speaks! //How kind she is! //What a nice weather it is!Here he comes! //Such is life! //Wonderful! // Help!5. 疑問句型1） 一般疑問句Is he a doctor?//Do you the way to the station?2）反意疑問句He is a teacher, isn't he?//It is quite cheap, don't you think?3） 特殊疑問句What is the distance/width/size/population/temperature/fare?Who is he? What is he？（干什么的）//What is he like? // How is he?How do you like him? //What do you think of him?What ever do you mean by saying this?4）選擇疑問句He is a doctor or a nurse?5）間接疑問句Do you know how old he is? //Tell me if (whether) you like * do you think/say/suppose I should do?6. 數詞句型1） 表數目It is exactly ten o'clock.//It is five miles away from * is more than/over/ at least not less than * is under/at most/no more than 20.2）表年月日He was born on April 22 1994/in 1994 on the morning of Oct.1.3）表年齡He is 20 years old/years of age.//He is at the age of 10.4）表倍數It is four times that of last * is four times as big (again) as that * is four times bigger than that * income is double what it * output of coal was 200% greater than in 1998.5）表計量It is 10 meters long/wide/high.//It costs me 100 yuan.I spent 10 hours to finish it.//It took me 10 days to finish * is worth 100 yuan.7. 關聯指代句型1）兩項關連I have two books, one is Chinese; the other English.I have five books, one is Chinese; the others * say is one thing, but/and/ to do is * the one hand, I am your teacher, and on the other hand, I am also you * like to play football, others are fond of basketball.2）先后順序First/firstly, I wish good health, second/secondly success in your study, third/thirdly good luck in * stop, then look, finally * first/in the beginning/ he word hard. Later/Afterwards he is not so diligent.3）修飾限制This is the same book as I lost * i。
初二英語上冊所有句型
He always gets to school early. = He never gets to school * the kid is healthy. = The kid may be *gh I have healthy habits, I am not very healthy. = I have a healthy habits, but I'm not very *'s wrong with him? = What's the matter with him? = What's the trouble with him?There's something wrong with his bike. = Something is wrong with his bike. = His bike is *ng math is difficult. = It's difficult to study * got to school by bus. = She takes a bus to get to * went home on foot. = We walked * took me 25 minutes to go there by bus. = I spent 25 minutes going there by bus. = It's 25 minutes' bus ride .Nancy spent 8 dollars on the sweater. = Nancy bought the sweater for 8 dollars. = Nancy paid 8 dollars for the sweater. = The sweater cost Nancy 8 dollarsLily and Lucy look the same. = Lily looks like * girls go to lot of parties. = Each of the girls goes to lots of parties.12. He is too young to go to school. = He is so young that he can't go to school. = He isn't old enough to go to * sister began to sing when she was 2 years old. = My sister began to sing t the age of * need two more books.= They need another two * all the students enjoy listening to the music. = All the students don't enjoy listening to the music. = Some of the students enjoy listening to the music.16. They are going to Shanghai tomorrow. = They are leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.17. Why don't you make him a card. = Why not make him a card? = Let us make him a card. = How about making him a card? = Shall we make him a card?18. They went to school and didn't have breakfast yesterday morning. = They went to school without having breakfast.19. I'm more athletic than my best friend. = My best friend is not as athletic as me.20 He is the most clever boy in the class. = He is more clever than any other boy in the class. = Nobody else is more clever than him in the class.21. I think English is more useful than math. =I think math is less useful than English.22. He stayed in china for 9 years. = He came to China 9 years ago.23. I dislike doing housework. = I hate to do the chores.24. I will leave after my mother comes back. = I won't leave until my mother comes back.25. I hope to see you next year. = I hope I can see you next year.26. I borrowed a camera from my friend. - My friend lent a camera to me.1. once a week= every week2. look after = babysit = take care of3. be different from = not the same as4. show sb sth = show sth to sb5. around = all over6. over = more than7. at last = finally = in the end8. close to = not far from9. sometimes= at times10. no = not a/ any nothing = not anything11. needn't = not have to12. what else= what other things13. why = what……for14. have fun = enjoy oneself = have a good time15. be busy = have time16. want = would like。
初二英語語法句型
第一單元 一般將來時 1) shall用于第一人稱，常被will 所代替。
“will+do” will 在陳述句中用于各人稱，在爭求意見時常用于第二人稱。 Which paragraph shall I read first. Will you be at home at seven this evening? 2) be going to +不定式，表示將來。
a. 主語的意圖，即將做某事。 What are you going to do tomorrow? b. 計劃，安排要發生的事。
The play is going to be produced next month。 c. 有跡象要發生的事 Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 3) “be +doing”表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發生的事。
We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 4) be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。 He is about to leave for Beijing. 注意：be about to 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。
練習題：http://**wywz/*?ArticleID=1352 第二單元 征求對方意見，和一般過去時 一般過去時的用法 1）在確定的過去時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。 時間狀語有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
Where did you go just now? 2）表示在過去一段時間內，經常性或習慣性的動作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 3）句型： It is time for sb. to do sth "到……時間了" "該……了" It is time sb. did sth. "時間已遲了" "早該……了" It is time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺了。
It is time you went to bed. 你早該睡覺了。 would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'寧愿某人做某事' I'd rather you came tomorrow. 4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時，作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等。
I thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。 比較： 一般過去時表示的動作或狀態都已成為過去，現已不復存在。
Christine was an invalid all her life. （含義：她已不在人間。） Christine has been an invalid all her life. （含義：她現在還活著） 注意： 用過去時表示現在，表示委婉語氣。
1）動詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。 Did you want anything else? I wondered if you could help me. 2）情態動詞 could, would. Could you lend me your bike？ 練習題http://**s/blog_* 第三單元 過去進行時 過去進行時 1） 概念：表示過去某時正在進行的狀態或動作。
2） 過去進行時的主要用法是描述一件事發生的背景；一個長動作發生的時候，另一個短動作發生。 3） 常用的時間狀語 this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. It was raining when they left the station. When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 典型例題 1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger. A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes 答案C. 割傷手指是已發生的事情，應用過去時。
同 時，when表時間的同時性，"瑪麗在做衣服時"提供事情發生的背景，因此用過去進行時。 2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell 答案B.句中的as = when, while，意為"當……之時"。
描述一件事發生的背景時，用過去進行；一個長動作發生的時候，另一個短動作發生。句意為 "在她看報紙時，奶奶睡著了。
"句中的 fell (fall的過去時)，是系動詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。 練習題http://**u/5388/* 第四單元 直接引語和間接引語可以看書上P100 用過去時就行了 練習題http://**s/blog_* 第五單元 If引導的條件狀語從句 條件狀語從句 連接詞主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that 等。
. if 引導的條件句有真實條件句和非真實條件句兩種。非真實條件句已在虛擬語氣中闡述。
unless = if not. Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired. If you are not too tied, let's go out for a walk. 典型例題 You will be late ___ you leave immediately. A. unless B. until C. if D. or 答案A。 句意：除非你立即走，否則你就回遲到的。
可轉化為 If you dong leave immediately, you will be late. B、D句意不對，or表轉折，句子如為 You leave immediately or you will be late. 和 will和would 注意： 1)would like; Would like to do = want to 想要，為固定搭配。 Would you like to go with me? 2)Will you…？ Would you like…？ 表示肯定含義的請求勸說時，疑問句中一般用some， 而不是any。
Would you like some cake? 3）否定結構中用will，一般不用would, won't you是一種委婉語氣。 Won't you sit down？ 練習題（這個較簡單） 第六單元 現在完成時 現在完成時用來表示之前已發生或完成的動作或狀 態，其結果的確和現在有聯系。
動作或狀態發生在過去 但它的影響現在還存在；也可表示持續到現在的動作或 狀態。其構成： have (has) +過去分詞。
主要句型：①for+段時間②sincesince的四種用法 1) since 。
關于初二英語的句型
初二英語句型（僅供參考）1、 Feel well/bad2、 Wake up (somebody)—fall asleep3、 As soon as4、 Be busy doing/with something5、 Stop doing/to do/somebody from doing6、 Go down7、 Have something to do8、 Sleeping pills9、 Be awake—be asleep10、 Light music11、 In the band12、 Try something/doing something13、 Try to do something14、 A piece of music15、 Again and again16、 系動詞：be/sound look seem smell taste feel/get turn become17、 Look nice on18、 Be/keep quiet19、 Instead of something/doing20、 Make trouble21、 enough+名詞/形容詞或副詞+enough22、 Be thin/fat23、 Nothing much wrong/nothing serious24、 Look over25、 At the weekend26、 have been to+地點27、 Land on28、 Pull something out of/up from29、 Keep something cool30、 All by oneself=alone31、 Perhaps=maybe32、 No longer=no more=not any longer=not any more33、 Get back/get something back34、 Sooner or later35、 Drop something36、 Run after37、 Run away38、 Eat up39、 On the bank40、 A few--few41、 A little--little42、 A little=a bit43、 Pass something to somebody=pass somebody something44、 Help oneself to45、 Hot food46、 Seem to do/that47、 Fast food48、 Be popular with49、 Enjoy/enjoy oneself50、 Enjoy something/doing51、 Have a taste/taste like52、 In the city of53、 Both of/both And B54、 Either or/either of55、 Neither nor/neither of56、 Agree with/to57、 With—with out58、 Take away—home cooking59、 Take a seat60、 By the window61、 Take one's order62、 Go/walk alone/up/down63、 Go on64、 Cross=go across65、 Take the first crossing on the right=turn right at the first crossing66、 At/in the corner67、 Be sick/ill68、 In hospital69、 In the hospital70、 Arrive at/in / get to / reach71、 At the end of72、 Feel like doing73、 Look over74、 Wake somebody up75、 It takes somebody + time + to do76、 Be wake—be strong77、 Quite a long way78、 Had better do/not do79、 Be happy/sorry/sad to do80、 Look around81、 情態動詞：can/can't/may/must/mustn't/have to82、 Be sure about/of/to do/that83、 In time/on time84、 Make one's way to85、 The sign of86、 Just then/just now87、 Make a noise88、 Stand a line89、 Wait for one's turn90、 Stop doing/to do91、 Jump the queue92、 At the head of93、 Laugh at94、 Make a mistake95、 Throw something about96、 In fact97、 At midnight98、 Ring the door bell99、 Complain about100、 Quarrel with somebody101、 Agree with somebody\\something102、 Agree with something103、 No longer （在句子中間）104、 No more （在句子尾部）105、 Not too bad106、 Not at all107、 在……時間之后 after （過去時）\\in （現在時）108、 Wake somebody up109、 Stop somebody from doing110、 Spend on something111、 Spend in doing112、 So +助+主（做相同的事情）113、 So+主+助（同意前者的說法）。
求初二英語句型
疑問句型What is this？結構∶問句：What+be 動詞+this(that…)？ 答句：This(that…)+be 動詞+a book(pen…)。
說明∶此句型意為“這（那）是什么？這（那）是書（鋼筆…）”。what（什么）叫做“疑問詞”，用于詢問“事物”，通常放在句首，后接 be <動詞>，再接<主詞>，第一個字母 w要大寫，句尾要加問號（？），位置不可排錯。
What is this? This is a chair. 這是什么？這是一張椅子。 What's this? It's a book. 這是什么？它是一本書。
What is that? That is a desk. 那是什么？那是一張書桌。What are these？結構∶問句：What are+these/those…？ 答句：These/Those are+復數名詞（+s/es）。
說明∶<主詞>與<動詞>的形式要一致，is 后面接單數<名詞>，are 后面要接復數<名詞>。 What are these? These are books. 這些是什么？這些是書。
What are those? Those are cups. 那些是什么？那些是茶杯。 What are they? They are glasses. 它們是什么？它們是玻璃杯。
What are you？結構∶問句：What+be 動詞+主詞（人）…？ 答句：主詞+be 動詞+a student…。說明∶此句型意為“你是做什么事情的？我是學生…”。
疑問詞 what 除了詢問事物之外，還可用于詢問“人的職業或身分”。be <動詞>隨<人稱代名詞>的變化而改變形態，如：I am,we are,you are,he is…。
What are you? I am a student. 你是做什么事情的？我是一名學生。 What is she? She is a teacher. 她是做什么事情的？她是一名教師。
Are you a 。？結構∶問句：Be 動詞（am,are,is）+主詞+…？ 肯定簡答：Yes，主詞+am(are,is)。
否定簡答：No，主詞+am(are,is)not。說明∶在否定<簡答句>中，<主詞>和 am,is,are 可以縮寫；在肯定<簡答句>中則不可。
Is he a student? Yes, he is. (No, he isn't.) 他是學生嗎？是的，他是。（不，他不是。）
Are you a teacher? Yes, I am. (No, I'm not.) 你是教師嗎？是的，我是。（不，我不是。）
Is that a clock? Yes, it is. (No, it isn't.) 那是鐘表嗎？是的，它是。（不，它不是。）
What is your name？結構∶問句：What+is+所有格+name？ 答句：所有格+name+is+名字。說明∶“my,your,his,her”為單數人稱的<所有格>；<所有格>后面必接<名詞>，即“<所有格>+<名詞>”；<所有格>不可與 a,an,this,that,these 或 those 緊接一起使用。
What is your name? My name is Sue. 你叫什么名字？我的名字叫蘇。 What is his name? His name is John. 他叫什么名字？他的名字叫約翰。
What is her name? Her name is Jean. 她叫什么名字？她的名字叫珍。Who is that 。
？結構∶問句：Who+be 動詞+that+形容詞+名詞？ 答句：That is+名字。說明∶Who 是<疑問代名詞>，詢問人的“姓名”或“關系”；將<形容詞>直接放在<名詞>前面，叫做“前位修飾”。
Who is that short boy? That is Bill. 那位矮男孩是誰？那位是比爾。 Who is that tall girl? That is Mary. 那位高女孩是誰？那位是瑪麗。
Who is that fat man? He is my uncle. 那位胖男子是誰？那位是我叔叔。Where is 。
？結構∶問句：Where+be 動詞（am,are,is）+主詞…？ 答句：主詞+be 動詞+in the+名詞…。說明∶問句是“Where 。
？”，簡答時可用<副詞片語>“In/On the+<名詞>”。 Where is Sue? She is in her room. 蘇在那里？她在她的房間里。
Where are your books? On the desk. 你的書在那里？在書桌上。 Where is your mother? She is in the kitchen. 你媽嗎在哪里？她在廚房里。
Are you V-ing 。？結構∶Am(Are,Is)+主詞+現在分詞…？說明∶此句型意為“<主詞>（人，物）正在…嗎？”。
這一<句型>轉換的三要素是：be <動詞>移到句首；改為大寫；句尾用問號。 Is Mary sleeping？ 瑪麗正在睡覺嗎？ Are you reading a book？ 你正在看書嗎？ Is the dog playing？ 小狗正在玩耍嗎？What are you doing？結構∶問句：What+am(are,is)+主詞+現在分詞？ 答句：主詞+am(are,is)+現在分詞…。
說明∶“<主詞>（人）正在做什么？<主詞>（人）正在…”。注意：<祈使句>的動詞只能用原形，不可造<現在進行式>；表示“瞬間產生”的動作的<動詞片語>，如 sit down,stand up，不可造<現在進行式>。
What am I doing? You are reading a book. 我正在做什么？ 你正在閱讀一本書。 What are the girls doing? They are singing. 姑娘們正在做什么？ 她們在唱歌。
What is Bill writing? He is writing a letter. 比爾在寫什么？ 他在寫一封信。How old are you？結構∶問句：How old+be 動詞+主詞（某人）？ 答句：主詞（某人）+be 動詞+year(s) old。
說明∶此句型意為“某人幾歲？某人是…歲”。該句型中，<疑問詞>要用 how，不可用 what；且 be <動詞>（am,is,are）要和后面的<主詞>（某人）配合；答句中的“year(s) old”可以省略。
How old are you? I am twelve (years old). 你幾歲？我十二歲。 How old is your sister? She is thirteen years old. 你的姊妹幾歲？她十三歲。
How old is John? He is one year old. 約翰幾歲？他一歲。What time is it？結構∶問句：What time is it？ 答句：It is+數字+o'clock。
說明∶此句型意為“現在是幾點鐘？現在是…點鐘”。問句中 what 當<形容詞>，修飾后面的<名詞> time;ti。
初二英語語法大全
中考重點句型 一、常使用動詞不定式的短語1、It's time to do sth.\ It's time for sth 該作某事的時候了.2、can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待要作某事3、ask /telle sb. (not ) to do sth. 要求/告訴某人（不）作某事4、allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人作某事5、be supposed to do sth. 應該作某事6、Would like /want (sb.) to do sth. 想要作某事7、have sth/nothing to do 有…時要做/與…無關8、find it +adj. to do sth. 發覺作某事…9、prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 寧愿作某事，而不愿作某事 10、It's +adj. for sb. to do sth.作某事對某人來說…11、It's better /best to do sth. 最好做某事12、It takes sb. sometime. to do sth. 某人做某事用了一些時間 二、常用動名詞的短語1、 enjoy /like /love doing sth. 喜歡做某事 2、 keep /keep on /carry on / go on doing sth. 繼續做某事 3、feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 4、practise doing sth. 練習作某事 5、give up doing sth. 放棄作某事6、be good at= do well in\on doing sth. 擅長作某事7、pay attention to doing sth. 注意作某事8、what about/ how about doing sth.….怎么樣（好嗎）？9、Thank you for doing sth. 為…感謝某人10、mind doing sth. 介意作某事11、be used for doing sth./ be used to do sth. 、 被用來作某事12、spend …（in） doing sth. 花時間作某時13、be busy doing/ with sth. 忙于作某事 14、finish doing sth. 作完某時15、look forward to doing. 盼望做某事16、prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜歡…勝過…17、be/get used to doing sth. 習慣作某事18、keep / stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人作某事 三、省略動詞不定式的短語1、一看二聽三使役 see/ hear/ feel/ notice/ look at /listen to sb. do sth.看見/聽見/感覺/注意某人作某事 make /let /have sb. do sth. 使/讓某人做某事2、help sb. (to) do sth/ with sth.幫助某人作某事3、 had better (not) do sth. 最好（不）做某事4、 Why don't you/ not do sth.為什么不作某事5、Would /Will / Could you please (not) do sth. 請你（不）作某事好嗎？四、 同義詞比較1、 stop to do sth. 停下正在做的事去作另一件事 stop doing sth. 停止正在作的事 eg. When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking. After he worked for an hour, he stopped to have a rest.2、 forget / remember to do sth.忘記/記得要去作某事 forget / remember doing sth. 忘記記得曾經做過某事 eg. Please remember to bring my book to school.I remember doing my homework3、 used to do sth. 過去常常作某事 be used to do sth. 被用來作某事 be used to doing sth. 習慣于作某事 eg. My father used to * is used to make paper.I am used to getting up early.4、So +be/助動詞/情態動詞 + 主語 …也一樣 So +主語+be/助動詞/ 情態動詞 是呀，表示贊同別人的觀點 Neither + be /助動詞/ 情態動詞+主語 …也不一樣（用于否定句） eg. He has been to Beijing. So have *'s a fine day. So it * doesn't like eggs. Neither do I.5、 too…to do sth. 太…而不能… so +adj. /adv + that（從句） 如此…以致… such +(a/an +adj.)+n.+ that（從句） 如此…以致…（not） enough (for sb.) to do sth. （對某人來說）做某事（不）夠 eg. The boy is too young to go to * boy is so young that he can't go to * is such a young boy that he can't go to * boy is not old enough to go to school.五、常考知識點1、keep +adj. 保持…狀態 keep (sb.) doing sth. 繼續做某事/使某人老是做某事 eg. Everyone should keep our classroom *'s too late, but he still keeps * always keeps us waiting for her.2、make+ sb. + n. 使某人成為 make + sb. + adj. 使某人… make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 Sb. be made to sth. 某人被迫做某事 eg. We made Peter our * make us * often makes me * workers were made to work 12 hours a day.3、I don't think that 我認為…不 eg. I don't think you are right.4、It's /was/has been+ some time +since+一般過去時… 自從…以來有多久了 eg. It has been two years since we met last time.6、 What do you mean by?=What does .. mean?=what is the meaning of。
？是什么意思？eg. What do you mean by “computer”?=What does “computer” mean?=what is the meaning of "computer"?7、 What do you think of…/How do you like …？ 你認為…怎么樣？eg. What do you think of this film /How do you like this film? 8、 What is/was/will …be like？ ..怎么樣？eg. What is the weather like?What will the life in the future be like?9、 It's said/ reported that… 據說/據報道 It's well known that 眾所周知 It's thought that 大家認為 eg. It's said that the population of the word would be 6 billion in 2050.10、one of the +形容詞最高級+名詞復數 …其中之一 eg. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.11、neither…nor… 既不…也不（兩者都不） either…or…要么…要么/或者…或者/不是…就是 not only…but also… 不但…而且 以上三個詞做主。
