一、【英語五種基本句型】
英語五種基本句型結構發表時間:2010-11-30 19:51:36作者:鐘超韞來源:英語中的五種基本句型結構一、句型1:Subject (主語) + Verb (謂語) 這種句型中的動詞大多是不及物動詞,所謂不及物動詞,就是這種動詞后不可以直接接賓語.常見的動詞如:work,sing,swim,fish,jump,arrive,come,die,disappear,cry,happen等.如:1) Li Ming works very hard.李明學習很努力.2) The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午發生的.3)Spring is coming.4) We have lived in the city for ten years.二、句型2:Subject (主語) + Link.V(系動詞) + Predicate(表語)這種句型主要用來表示主語的特點、身份等.其系動詞一般可分為下列兩類:(1)表示狀態.這樣的詞有:be,look,seem,smell,taste,sound,keep等.如:1) This kind of food tastes delicious.這種食物吃起來很可口.2) He looked worried just now.剛才他看上去有些焦急.(2)表示變化.這類系動詞有:become,turn,get,grow,go等.如:1) Spring * is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了,天氣變得越來越暖和.2) The tree has grown much taller than before.這棵樹比以前長得高多了.三、句型3:Subject(主語) + Verb (謂語) + Object (賓語)這種句型中的動詞一般為及物動詞,所謂及物動詞,就是這種動詞后可以直接接賓語,其賓語通常由名詞、代詞、動詞不定式、動名詞或從句等來充當.例:1) He took his bag and left.(名詞) 他拿著書包離開了.2) Li Lei always helps me when I have difficulties.(代詞)當我遇到困難時,李雷總能給我幫助.3) She plans to travel in the coming May Day.(不定式)她打算在即將到來的“五一”外出旅游.4) I don't know what I should do next.(從句)我不知道下一步該干什么.注意:英語中的許多動詞既是及物動詞,又是不及物動詞.四、句型4:Subject(主語)+Verb(謂語)+ Indirect object(間接賓語)+Direct object (直接賓語)這種句型中,直接賓語為主要賓語,表示動作是對誰做的或為誰做的,在句中不可或缺,常常由表示“物”的名詞來充當;間接賓語也被稱之為第二賓語,去掉之后,對整個句子的影響不大,多由指“人”的名詞或代詞承擔.引導這類雙賓語的常見動詞有:buy,pass,lend,give,tell,teach,show,bring,send等.如:1) Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present.她爸爸給她買了一本詞典作為生日禮物.2)The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March.老人經常給孩子們講述長征途中那些英雄的故事.上述句子還可以表達為:1)Her father bought a dictionary for her as a birthday present.2)The old man always tells stories about the heroes to the children in the Long March.五、句型5:Subject(主語)+Verb (動詞)+Object (賓語)+Complement(補語)這種句型中的“賓語 + 補語”統稱為“復合賓語”.賓語補足語的主要作用或者是補充、說明賓語的特點、身份等;或者表示讓賓語去完成的動作等.擔任補語的常常是名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、分詞、動詞不定式等.如:1)You should keep the room clean and tidy.你應該讓屋子保持干凈整潔.(形容詞)2) We made him our monitor.(名詞)我們選他當班長.3) His father told him not to play in the street.(不定式)他父親告訴他不要在街上玩.4)My father likes to watch the boys playing basketball.(現在分詞)5) Yesterday I had a picture taken with two Americans.(過去分詞)● 常見的動詞有:tell,ask,advise,help,want,would like,order,force,allow等.● 注意:動詞have,make,let,see,hear,notice,feel,watch等后面所接的動詞不定式作賓補時,不帶to.如:1) The boss made him do the work all day.老板讓他整天做那項工作.2) I heard her sing in the next room all the time last night.昨天晚上我聽見她在隔壁唱了一個晚上.。
二、英語的5種簡單句型例句各要10個
1. S+V 此句型的特點是:謂語動詞是不及物動詞,本身能表達完整的意思,后面不需跟賓語,但有時可跟副詞、介詞短語等作狀語。
如: He laughed. John has read widely. He lives in London. 2. S+V+O 此句型的特點是:謂語動詞是及物動詞,不能表達完整的意思,必須跟有一個賓語。如: Our team beat all the others. 3. S+V+P 此句型的特點是:謂語動詞是連系動詞,不能表達完整的意思,必須加上一個表明主語特征、身份、狀態的表語。
常見的系動詞有:be(是)、become(成為)、get(變得)、turn(變得)、grow(變得)、look(看起來)、feel(感到)、smell(聞起來)、taste(嘗起來)、sound(聽起來)、seem(似乎)、keep(保持)、stay(保持)等。如: The rose smells sweet. 4. S+V+INO+DO 此句型的特點是:謂語動詞跟有兩個賓語,這兩個賓語都是動作的對象或承受者,其中指人的是間接賓語,指物的是直接賓語。
當間接賓語放在直接賓語之后時,通常需要加介詞for或to。可跟雙賓語的動詞。
有:answer,bring,buy,find,get,give,lend,make,pass,pay,send,show,sing,take,teach,tell,write等。如: Mr. Li told us an interesting story. Would you please give this dictionary to Li Hua? 5. S+V+O+OC此句型的特點是:謂語動詞雖然跟有一個賓語,但意思還不完整,必須加上另外一個成分(賓語補足語)對賓語進行補充說明。
可以用作賓語補足語的有:名詞、形容詞、不定式、動名詞、分詞、介詞短語等。如: We must keep our school clean. They made him their moni例句10個沒有!。
三、求~英語五種基本句型例句
1.“主----系-----表”(SLP)句型:
在這種句型中,謂語動詞是以be為主的連系動詞(Linking Verb),后面跟主語補語(Subject Complement),如:
These oranges have kept fresh. 這些桔子一直很新鮮。
Mary is a student / here /in the room. 瑪麗是個學生/在這兒/在房間里。
有的語法家把be后面的副詞(短語)或介詞短語視為狀語,從而形成了“主----動-----狀”(SVA)這一在五種基本句型之外的句型(見上面最后一個例句)。
2.“主----謂”(SV)句型:
在這種句型中,謂語動詞為不及物動詞(Intransitive Verb),謂語部分通常只包括限定動詞,即使有狀語,也屬任意性狀語,即:去掉后并不影響句子結構和意義的完整,如:
This bread won't keep (for a long time). 這種面包不好(長期)存放。
Tom has left.
前面說過,有些句子中的狀語是不可缺少的,這種狀語被稱為必具性狀語,從而構成“主----動----狀”(SVA)句型,但這僅限于少數幾個動詞的某些用法,因而不是一種主要句型,如: They are staying in a hotel. 他們暫住在一家旅館里。
3.“主----謂-----賓”(SVO)句型:
在這種句型中,謂語動詞為只帶一個賓語的及物動詞,這種動詞被稱為單賓語及物動詞(Monotransitive Verb),如:
He kept the money. 他保存著這些錢。
They have left the hotel. 他們已經離開了那家旅館。
在這種句型中,狀語通常也不是必不可少的,但有少數幾個及物動詞的某些用法要求必具性狀語,從而形成了“主----動-----賓-----狀”(SVOA)這一在五種基本句型之外的另一種句型,如:
The train leaves London at nine. 這列火車九點鐘駛離倫敦。
4.“主----謂----間賓-----直賓”(SVOiId)句型:
在這一句型中,謂語動詞為能帶一個間接賓語和一個直接賓語的及物動詞,這類動詞被稱為雙賓語及物動詞(Ditransitive Verb),如:
He kept me a dictionary. 他為我保存了一本詞典。
Shall I leave you the camera? 要我把照相機留給你嗎?
5.“主----謂----賓----賓補”(SVOC)句型:
在這種句型中,謂語動詞為能帶復合賓語(賓語+賓語補語)的及物動詞,這類動詞叫做復合賓語及物動詞(Complex Transitive Verb),如:
She kept a notebook handy. 她手頭上隨時有個筆記本。
His illness left him weak. 他的疾病使他身體虛弱。
四、英語有哪些句型基本結構
英語五種基本句型列式如下: 基本句型一: S V (主+謂) 基本句型二: S V P (主+謂+表) 基本句型三: S V O (主+謂+賓) 基本句型四: S V o O (主+謂+間賓+直賓) 基本句型五: S V O C (主+謂+賓+賓補) 基本句型 一 此句型的句子有一個共同特點,即句子的謂語動詞都能表達完整的意思. 這類動詞叫做不及物動詞,后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等. ┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓ ┃ S │ V (不及物動詞) ┃ ┠———————————————┼———————————————┨ ┃1. The sun │was shining. ┃ ┃2. The moon │rose. ┃ ┃3. The universe │remains. ┃ ┃4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. ┃ ┃5. Who │cares? ┃ ┃6. What he said │does not matter. ┃ ┃7. They │talked for half an hour. ┃ ┃8. The pen │writes smoothly ┃ 1. 太陽在照耀著. 2. 月亮升起了. 3. 宇宙長存. 4. 我們大家都呼吸、吃和喝. 5. 管它呢? 6. 他所講的沒有什么關系. 7. 他們談了半個小時. 8. 這支筆書寫流利. 基本句型 二 此句型的句子有一個共同的特點:句子謂語動詞都不能表達一個完整的意思,必須加上一個表明主語身份或狀態的表語構成復合謂語,才能表達完整的意思.這類動詞叫做連系動詞.系動詞分兩類:be, look, keep, seem等屬一類,表示情況;get, grow, become, turn等屬另一類,表示變化.be 本身沒有什么意義,只起連系主語和表語的作用.其它系動詞仍保持其部分詞義. ┏━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓ ┃ S │V(是系動詞)│ P ┃ ┠———————┼———————┼———————————————┨ ┃1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary.┃ ┃2. The dinner │smells │good. ┃ ┃3. He │fell │in love. ┃ ┃4. Everything │looks │different. ┃ ┃5. He │is growing │tall and strong. ┃ ┃6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. ┃ ┃7. Our well │has gone │dry. ┃ ┃8. His face │turned │red. ┃ ┗━━━━━━━┷━━━━━━━┷━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛ 1. 這是本英漢辭典. 2. 午餐的氣味很好. 3. 他墮入了情網. 4. 一切看來都不同了. 5. 他長得又高又壯. 6. 麻煩的是他們缺少錢. 7. 我們的井干枯了. 8. 他的臉紅了. 基本句型 三 此句型句子的共同特點是:謂語動詞都具有實義,都是主語產生的動作,但不能表達完整的意思,必須跟有一個賓語,即動作的承受者,才能使意思完整.這類動詞叫做及物動詞. ┏━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓ ┃ S │V(及物動詞)│ O ┃ ┠———————┼———————┼———————————————┨ ┃1. Who │knows │the answer? ┃ ┃2. She │smiled │her thanks. ┃ ┃3. He │has refused │to help them. ┃ ┃4. He │enjoys │reading. ┃ ┃5. They │ate │what was left over. ┃ ┃6. He │said │"Good morning." ┃ ┃7. I │want │to have a cup of tea. ┃ ┃8. He │admits │that he was mistaken. ┃ ┗━━━━━━━┷━━━━━━━┷━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 1. 誰知道答案? 2. 她微笑表示感謝. 3. 他拒絕幫他們的忙. 4. 他喜歡看書. 5. 他們吃了剩飯. 6. 他說:“早上好!” 7. 我想喝杯茶. 8. 他承認犯了錯誤. 基本句型 四 此句型的句子有一個共同特點:謂語動詞必須跟有兩個賓語才能表達完整的意思.這兩個賓語一個是動作的直接承受者,另一個是動作的間接承受者. 通常這一間接承受者用一個介詞來連接,當動作的間接承受者在動作的直接承受者之前時,這一介詞往往被省略. ┏━━━━┯━━━━━┯━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━━━┓ ┃ S │V(及物)│ o(多指人) │ O(多指物) ┃ ┠————┼—————┼———————┼————————————┨ ┃1. She │ordered │herself │a new dress. ┃ ┃2. She │cooked │her husband │a delicious meal. ┃ ┃3. He │brought │you │a dictionary. ┃ ┃4. He │denies │her │nothing. ┃ ┃5. I │showed │him │my pictures. ┃ ┃6. I │gave │my car │a wash. ┃ ┃7. I │told │him │that the bus was late. ┃ ┃8. He │showed │me │how to run the machine. ┃ ┗━━━━┷━━━━━┷━━━━━━━┷━━━━━━━━━━━━┛ 1. 她給自己定了一套新衣裳. 2. 她給丈夫煮了一餐美饌. 3. 他給你帶來了一本字典. 4. 他對她什么都不拒絕. 5. 我給他看我的照片. 6. 我洗了我的汽車. 7. 我告訴他汽車晚點了. 8. 他教我開機器. 基本句型 五 此句型的句子的共同特點是:動詞雖然是及物動詞,但是只跟一個賓語還 不能表達完整的意思,必須加上一個補充成分來補足賓語,才能使意思完整. ┏━━━━┯━━━━━┯━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━━━┓ ┃ S │V(及物)│ O(賓語) │ C(賓補) ┃ ┠————┼—————┼———————┼————————————┨ ┃1. They │appointed │him │manager. ┃ ┃2. They │painted │the door │green. ┃ ┃3. This │set │them │。
五、英語五種基本句型的例句
Ⅰ.主語+動詞
Everybody laughed. 大家都笑了。
Ⅱ.主語+系動詞+表語?
His eyes are blue. 他的眼睛是藍色的。
Ⅲ.主語+動詞+賓語
I love apples. 我喜歡蘋果。
Ⅳ.主語+動詞+賓語+賓語 ?
I gave him my address. 我告訴他我的地址。
Ⅴ.主語+動詞+賓語+補語?
I found the box empty. 我發現盒子是空的。
六、英語句型及例句
I am doing my homework.
I was busy doing my homework.
We are getting ready for our exam.
I gave/sent/bought my sis a present on her birthday.
I gave/sent a present to my sis.
I bought a present for my sis.
I am going to do my homework.
I will do my homework.
There will be a show in the park tomorrow.
Our school is famous for the trees.
It's 500 metres long.
It's important for us to study hard.
She is more pretty than her sis.
Which is better,this or that?
Changjiang is the most famous river in China.
Who is the best,Daming,Betty or Lingling?
Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China.
She is good at maths.
太匆忙。有錯誤請諒解……
七、英語的十四種從句的句型及例句
1.主語從句 1)主語從句可直接位于主語的位置,如果從句較長,謂語又較短,可用it作形式主語,而將從句放在句末。
常見的句型有: *It is a fact\a pity\a question\good news that。 2)what引導的主語從句表示“。
的東西時”,一般不用it作形式主語。 What we lack is experience. 3)what,who,when,why,whether等詞含有各自的疑問意義,但它們引導的主語從句,都用陳述語序。
How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again. 2.賓語從句 1)賓語從句可位于及物動詞、介詞和某些形容詞后。連詞that常可省略。
介詞后一般接疑問詞引導的賓語從句。in that(因為),except that(除了),but that(只是)已構成固定搭配,其他介詞后一般不接that引導的賓語從句。
*I promised that I would change the situation. 2.賓語從句 1)賓語從句可位于及物動詞、介詞和某些形容詞后。連詞that常可省略。
介詞后一般接疑問詞引導的賓語從句。in that(因為),except that(除了),but that(只是)已構成固定搭配,其他介詞后一般不接that引導的賓語從句。
*I promised that I would change the situation. 3.表語從句 表語從句出現在結構為“主語+系動詞+表語從句”的句子中。表語從句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引導外,還可由because,as if(though)等引導。
that常可省略。如主句主語為reason,只能用that引導表語從句,不可用because. Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common type of life in America. 2)賓語從句后如有賓補,要用形式賓語it來代替,而把賓語從句移至賓補之后。
He has made it clear that he would not change his mind. 4.同位語從句 同位語從句用于對前面出現的名詞作進一步說明,一般用連詞that引導,由于先行名詞的意義不同,也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引導。常見的先行名詞有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.有時由于謂語較短,將同位語從句位于謂語之后。
She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show. 5.定語從句 定語從句所修飾的先行詞可以是名詞或代詞,也可以是一個句子。定語從句通常位于先行詞之后,由關系代詞或關系副詞引導。
*限制性定語從句 限制性定語從句修飾先行詞,對先行詞起修飾作用,緊接先行詞之后,無逗號,若省去,原句意思不完整。引導定語從句的關系代詞有who,whom,whose,which,that等。
who,whom,whose用于指人,whose有時也可指物,相當于of which;which用于指物;that既可指人也可指物,但只用于限制性定語從句中。關系代詞除了引導定語從句,替代先行詞外,還在從句中擔任主語、賓語、定語等。
The computers and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people and organizations. Those who live alone or who are sick may have trouble in getting close to other people. The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother. 1)當先行詞是all,anything,everything,something,nothing等不定代詞或先行詞前有first,last,any,few,much,some,no,only以及形容詞最高級修飾時,只能用關系代詞that引導從句。 That is all that I've heard from him. He's the first person that I'm going to interview this afternoon. 2)關系代詞的省略 在從句中作賓語的關系代詞常可省略。
關系代詞緊跟介詞,作介詞賓語時不可用that,只可用which或whom引導從句,并且不可省略,但當介詞位于賓語從句句末時,作為介詞賓語的關系代詞仍可用that,也可省略。 This is one of those things with which we have to put up. This is one of those things (which\that) we have to put up with. 3)引導定語從句的關系副詞有when,where,why等。
關系副詞在從句中作狀語,意義上相當于一個“介詞+which”的結構。 Even in comic books where(=in which) there are no words,the stories are fully expressed through the drawings. No one knows the reason why(=for which) he was so angry that day. 6.狀語從句 *時間狀語從句 引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞和詞組有: 1)when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once等。
We have learnt quite a lot about it since we came here. 2)as soon as,hardly(scarcely)。when,no sooner。
than,each(every) time,the moment,immediately(that)等。 As soon as I sent an e-mail message,I received positive responses. The moment he heard the good news,he jumped with joy. *地點狀語從句 引導地點狀語從句的連詞是where,wherever. Wherever she went,she took her little daughter with her. *原因、結果和目的狀語從句 1)引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞有:because,as,since,now(that),seeing that,considering that,in that等。
Considering that he is a freshman,we must say he is doing well. 2)引導結果狀語從句的連詞有:so。that,such。
that,so that,that,so等。 Mickey Mouse is so attractive that the children are reluctant to leave. 3)引導目的狀語從句的連詞有:so that,in order that,。