華閱文章網1.【在英語中什么叫
就是指名詞同義詞替換進行句子轉換.同義句轉換是英語句型轉換的一種重要形式，也是中考命題的一個熱點.該題型主要考查同學們對英語詞匯、句型的掌握情況和靈活運用的能力.其特點是涉及面廣、語言點多、方式靈活、要求較高、難度較大.一、用同義詞（近義詞）或詞組改寫 做此題型時，我們可以采用“詞語替代法”，此法是指用詞性相同的同義詞、近義詞或同義詞組對原句的某些成分進行簡單的替代，而句子結構保持不變.因此，我們在學習過程中要掌握盡可能多的同義詞（組），如：be able to,can;arrive in(at),reach,get to;be good at,do well in;have a good time,enjoy oneself;look after,take care of;over,more than等等.具體運用時，還要注意它們在句中的位置，形式與轉換后句中其他部分的相應變化.例如：* day,Wang Zhizhi receives emails from thousands of basketball fans. Every day,Wang Zhizhi _______ _______ thousands of basketball fans. * will get to London in four days. They will _______ _______ London in four days. 答案：* from * in 二、運用反義詞或詞組改寫 英語中有些反義詞（組）具有非此即彼的排它性.因此其否定式與其對應的反義詞（組）同義.如：same與different ,not same= different ,not different=same ，所以此類反義詞（組）的否定式可以用于同義轉換.另外，用反義詞（組）替換，要注意上下句主語間的互換.例如：* runner couldn't catch up with the others in the race. The runner _______ _______ the others in the race. * borrowed a picture book from the boy just now. The boy _______ a picture book _______ Tom just now. 答案：* behind *;to 三、用派生詞或一詞多義改寫 此類題型可采用“詞類轉換法”，利用某些派生詞或詞性相異的詞組來代替原句中的某些成分.此時句子結構會發生一些變化.例如：* snow was heavy last night. It _______ _______ last night. * foreigners have visited the Great Wall. The foreigners have been _______ _______ _______ to the Great Wall. 答案：* heavily * a visit。
2.同義句替換
* is he getting on with his study?
How is __his__ __study__ __going__ __on__?
* waited until his mother arrived.
He __didn't__ __leave__until his mother arrived.
* ran into the classroom as quickly as possible.
He ran into the classroom as __quickly__ as __he__ __can__.
* friend got mad at me yesterday.
My friend got __angry__ __with__me yesterday.
* cousin is the same age as me.
My cousin is __as__ _old___ __as__ me.
* a lot for your invitation.
Thank __you__ __very__ __much__ for __inviting__ __me__.
3.同義句替換
1。advance/ progress
2。take good care of
3. try your best
4 to。healthy/safe
5. your comment/thoughts
6. talk over
7. to forget
8. doesn't have to
9. Tell。nothing
10. to attain/ obtain/ seek
11. later than。earlier than。the latest。the earliest
4.同義句替換
*'s lonely because it's difficult for him to make friends.
Bob's lonely because he is poor at making friends.
2.I can do the work well with your help.
I can not do the work well without your help
*mes she goes to bed after her mother comes back.
Sometimes she doesn't go to bed until_her mother comes back.
5.常見的同義詞,和句型轉換
(1)將肯定句改為否定句時，除要正確使用謂語動詞的否定形式外，還要將句中的some改為any，將something改為anything等.例如：（例1.）There is some rice in the bowl.→ There isn't any rice in the bowl.（例2.）They bought something in the supermarket.→ They didn't buy anything in the supermarket.(2)將陳述句改為一般疑問句時，要根據陳述句中的謂語動詞及其時態形式確定其疑問式，同時還要注意將原句中的some改為any，將something改為anything等.例如：（例1.）I've got some money with me.→ Have you got any money with you？（例2.）* said something about the accident at themeeting.→ Did * say anything about the accident at the meeting?(3)將陳述句改為反意疑問句時，除了遵循陳述部分若為肯定式，疑問部分則用否定式和陳述部分若為否定式，疑問部分則用肯定式的原則外，還要注意：當陳述部分含有little,few,no,nothing,never等否定意義的詞時，疑問部分要用肯定形式.另外，還要注意部分情態動詞的特殊情況，如當陳述部分為must be，表示對現在情況的推測，作“一定”或“肯定” 講時，疑問部分的動詞一般用be的相應否定形式，而不用mustn't.例如：（例1.）Tom likes reading,doesn't he?There weren't any mice in the room,were there？（例2.）There is little water in the cup,is there?They must be in the reading-room,aren't they?(4)對劃線部分提問時，可按一定、二移（或加）、三變化、四刪除的步驟進行.第一步“定”，就是根據劃線部分的內容確定適當的疑問詞.如問時間用when或what time，問地點用where，問價錢用howmuch，問年齡用how old，問原因用why，問“做什么事”用what…do/does/did等.第二步“移（或加）”，就是將句子結構改為一般疑問句的形式，如果謂語部分含有系動詞be，助動詞be,will,have或情態動詞時，則將這類動詞移到句首.如果謂語動詞是行為動詞，則需在主語前加助動詞do,does或did.但是，如果劃線部分是原句的主語或主語部分的定語，則不需要這一步.第三步“變化”，即對句子中某些詞作相應的變化，除了將謂語動詞變為原形動詞外，還要注意將原句中句首單詞（專有名詞除外）的首字母改為小寫，將句中的some變為any，將句號變為問號等.第四步“刪除”，就是去掉被疑問詞替換的劃線部分的詞.例如：（例1.）My uncle has been to Hong Kong twice.→ How many times has your uncle been to Hong Kong？（例2.）It took the artist half an hour to draw thebeautifulhorse.→ How long did it take the artist to draw the beautifulhorse？（例3.）Her mother is a nurse.→ What is her mother？（例4.）The children are playing football on the playground.→ Where are the boys playing football？（例5.）He read some newspapers in the reading room.→ What did he do in the reading-room?(5)將陳述句變為感嘆句時，首先要確定是用what還是用how開頭.如果強調部分的中心詞是名詞，就用what；若是形容詞或副詞，則用how.然后將所強調的部分移至what或how之后，要注意去掉修飾這一形容詞或副詞的副詞.例如：（例1.）He is a very good teacher.→ What a good teacher he is！（例2.）They danced quite well.→ How well they danced!(6)將簡單句變為復合句或將復合句變為并列句或簡單句時，既要注意句子的結構變化，又要注意不能改變句子的意思.要重視一些常用連詞和動詞的非謂語形式的用法.例如：（例1.）We think it true.→ We think that it is true.（例2.）If you use your head,you'll find a way.→ Use you head,then you'll find a way.（例3.）He was so angry that he couldn't say a word.→ He was too angry to say a word.(7)將主動語態變為被動語態時，謂語動詞變為be+過去分詞”形式，這里的be除了要與原句在時態上保持一致外，還要與句子的主語在人稱和數等方面保持一致.例如：（例1.）They have set up a new primary school in myhometown.→ A new primary school has been set up in myhometown.(8)將直接引語改為間接引語時，除了要對人稱代詞、動詞時態、時間狀語和地點狀語等作相應的變化外，有時還要更改相應的謂語動詞或將謂語動詞改為非謂語形式.例如：（例1.）The teacher said,“Will you come here next Sunday？”→ The teacher asked me whether I would go there thenext Sunday.（例2.）The woman said to the boy,“Go away.”→ The woman ordered the boy to go away.(9)在作同義詞語的轉換時，首先要理解原句的意思，然后根據原句的意思和要補全句子的結構填入所缺少的詞，使兩句意思相同或相近.例如：（例1.）My father drives to work every day.→ My father goes to work by car every day.（例2.）May I borrow your bike,please？→ Can you lend me your bike,please?。
