英語五種基本句型結構
英語中的五種基本句型結構一、句型1: Subject (主語) + Verb (謂語) 這種句型中的動詞大多是不及物動詞,所謂不及物動詞,就是這種動詞后不可以直接接賓語。
常見的動詞如:work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。如:1) Li Ming works very hard.李明學習很努力。
2) The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午發生的。3)Spring is coming.二、句型2:Subject (主語) + Link. V(系動詞) + Predicate(表語)這種句型主要用來表示主語的特點、身份等。
其系動詞一般可分為下列兩類:(1)表示狀態。這樣的詞有:be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep等。
如:1) This kind of food tastes delicious.這種食物吃起來很可口。(2)表示變化。
這類系動詞有:become, turn, get, grow, go等。如:1) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了,天氣變得越來越暖和。
2) The tree has grown much taller than before.這棵樹比以前長得高多了。三、句型3:Subject(主語) + Verb (謂語) + Object (賓語)這種句型中的動詞一般為及物動詞, 所謂及物動詞,就是這種動詞后可以直接接賓語,其賓語通常由名詞、代詞、動詞不定式、動名詞或從句等來充當。
例:1) He took his bag and left.(名詞) 他拿著書包離開了。2) Li Lei always helps me when I have difficulties. (代詞)當我遇到困難時,李雷總能給我幫助。
3) She plans to travel in the coming May Day.(不定式)她打算在即將到來的“五一”外出旅游。4) I don't know what I should do next. (從句)我不知道下一步該干什么。
注意:英語中的許多動詞既是及物動詞,又是不及物動詞。四、句型4: Subject(主語)+Verb(謂語)+ Indirect object(間接賓語)+Direct object (直接賓語)這種句型中,直接賓語為主要賓語,表示動作是對誰做的或為誰做的,在句中不可或缺,常常由表示“物”的名詞來充當;間接賓語也被稱之為第二賓語,去掉之后,對整個句子的影響不大,多由指“人”的名詞或代詞承擔。
引導這類雙賓語的常見動詞有:buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach, show, bring, send等。如:1) Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present.她爸爸給她買了一本詞典作為生日禮物。
2)The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March.老人經常給孩子們講述長征途中那些英雄的故事。 上述句子還可以表達為:1)Her father bought a dictionary for her as a birthday present.2)The old man always tells stories about the heroes to the children in the Long March.五、句型5: Subject(主語)+Verb (動詞)+Object (賓語)+Complement(補語)這種句型中的“賓語 + 補語”統稱為“復合賓語”。
賓語補足語的主要作用或者是補充、說明賓語的特點、身份等;或者表示讓賓語去完成的動作等。擔任補語的常常是名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、分詞、動詞不定式等。
如:1)You should keep the room clean and tidy. 你應該讓屋子保持干凈整潔。(形容詞)2) We made him our monitor.(名詞)我們選他當班長。
3) His father told him not to play in the street.(不定式)他父親告訴他不要在街上玩。
【英語陳述句五種基本結構最好有詳細講解和例句】
一般現在時 She is a teacher./Does your sister play football?Yes,she does/No,she doesn't一般過去時 I did my homework yesterday./Did you go swimming last week?yes,I did./No,I didn't.一般將來時I will kill you./Will you be a teacher?yes,I will./No,I won't現在進行時I am teaching now./Are you teaching now?Yes,I am./No,I am not.現在完成時I have eaten my * you done your homework?Yes,I have./No,I haven't現在完成進行時:沒學過過去將來時:沒學過過去進行時:I was doing my homework./Was you doing your homework?/yes,I was./No,I wasn't.過去完成時:I had done my homework./Had you done you homework?/Yes,I had./No,I hadn'tthere be 結構There is a * therea pig?/Yes,there is./No,there isn't.含情態動詞的句子:You should be a teacher./Should you be a teacher?/yes,I should./No,I shouldn't.新年快樂哦,我來回答:(1)一般現在時:A.句型結構:主語+be(am/is/are)+名詞 eg:He is my broyher.B.或是:主語+動詞原形+其他成分 eg:I I go there by bus.用法:當表示一經常發生的習慣性動作,沒有明顯的時間界限時,用一般現在時.(2)現在進行時:A.句型結構:主語+be(am/is/are)+動詞的ing形式(現在分詞)eg:He is doing his homework now.用法:表示當下正在進行的行為,常常有明顯的時間詞作標志,如now,at this moment等.(3)現在完成時:A.句型結構:主語+助動詞(have/has)+過去分詞eg:I have finished my homework.用法:表示已經完成的事情,并且結果對現在造成了影響,為了加強語氣,常可加already(已經),yet(還沒),ever(曾經),never(從未)等.(特別強調:never已經表示否定,不能與否定同時使用 eg:I have not been there before./I have never been there before.)(3)現在完成進行時:A.句型:主語+have/has+been+doing eg:I have been working busily all morning.(我從早上一直忙到現在)用法:表示從之前到現在一直在做某事,也許到現在還未完成.強調動作的延續性.(4)過去進行時:A.句型:主語+be(was/were)+doing eg:I was playing basketball yesterday when you called me out.用法:表示過去正在發生的事.(5)過去完成時:A.句型:主語+had+done eg:I arrived there but he had gone already.(他到達是過去,但他走比他到達還早,是過去的過去)用法:表示事情發生在過去的過去.(5)過去將來時:A.句型:主語+would/should+do eg:I would go there by bus.用法:表示站在過去計劃未來的事,如,你在昨天計劃今天要做的事.(6)there be句型:表示客觀存在的人或物.eg:There is a tree in front of our house.(謂語動詞采用就近原則)(7)含情態動詞的句子:情態動詞:can/may/must/could/might。
情態動詞無人稱和數的變化.用過去時更表委婉.eg:Can I borrow your pen?/Cpuld I borrow your pen?若用后種問法,別人會更樂意借給你!。
英語7種基本句型
英語的基本句型主要有五種,它們是:1、主語———動詞———表語2、主語———動詞3、主語———動詞———賓語4、主語———動詞———賓語———賓語5、主語———動詞———賓語———補語掌握好這些基本句型,就可以為靈活運用語言打下良好的基礎.下面分別講解這五種句型.一、主語---動詞----表語在這一句型中,動詞是系動詞,劃線部分為表語.* is an engineer.(名詞做表語)*ly he became silent.(形容詞做表語)* remained standing for a hour.(現在分詞做表語)* question remained unsolved.(過去分詞做表語)* machine is out of order.(介詞短語做表語)* television was on.(副詞做表語)* plan is to keep the affair secret.(動詞不定式做表語)* job is repairing cars.(動名詞做表語)* question is what you want to do.(從句做表語,即:表語從句)注意:在下面的句子中,形容詞做表語,在表語的后面常常接不定式結構.I'm happy to meet * are willing to * are determined to follow his example.二、主語———動詞在這一句型中,動詞為不及物動詞及不及物的動詞詞組.在有的句子中,不及物動詞可以有狀語修飾.* sun is rising.2.I'll * you sleep well?(well做狀語,修飾不及物動詞sleep)* engine broke down.注意:在此句型中,有少數不及物動詞表達被動含義,表達主語本身所具有的特性,不用被動語態.* book sells * window won't * pen writes * cuts easily.三、主語———動詞———賓語在此句型中,動詞為及物動詞,劃線部分為賓語.* you know these people(them)?(名詞或代詞做賓語)2.I can't express myself in English.(反身代詞做賓語)* smiled a strange smile.(同源賓語)* can't afford to pay such a price.(不定式做賓語)* you mind waiting a few minutes?(動名詞做賓語)6.I hope that I have said nothing to pain you.(從句做賓語,即:賓語從句)注意:并不是所有的及物動詞都可以接上述各種情況做賓語,不同的動詞有不同的用法,所以,在學習動詞時,一定要掌握其用法.四、主語———動詞———賓語———賓語在此句型中,動詞可以稱作雙賓語動詞,在英語中,這樣的動詞并不多,在學習遇時,要牢記.后面的賓語為間接賓語和直接賓語,其中間接賓語在前,一般表人,直接賓語在后,一般表物.這類句型有三種情況.第一種情況,間接賓語可以改為to引導的短語.* handed me a * handed a letter to * gave me her telephone * gave her telephone number to me.第二種情況,間接賓語可以改為for引導的短語.* sang us a folk * sang a folk for * cooked us a delicious * cooked a delicious meal for us.第三種情況,直接賓語可以由賓語從句充當.* him I'm * you inform me where Miss Green lives?五、主語———動詞———賓語———賓語補足語在此句型中的動詞,叫做可以跟復合賓語的動詞,在英語中,這樣的動詞也不多.后面的賓語補足語是說明賓語的情況的,賓語和賓語補足語一起被稱做復合賓語.這個句式是英語中比較復雜的一個句式,因為復合賓語的構成內容較多.下面句子中劃線部分為賓語補足語.* found his new job boring.(形容詞做賓補)* called their daughter Mary.(名詞做賓補)* placed her in a very difficult position.(介詞短語做賓補)* went to here house but found her out.(副詞做賓補)* do you advise me to do?(不定式做賓補)* thought him to be an honest man.(tobe做賓補)* believed them to have discussed the problem.(不定式的完成式做賓補)* believed her to be telling the truth.(不定式的進行式做賓補)* you notice him come in?(不帶to的不定式做賓補)10.I saw her chatting with Nancy.(現在分詞做賓補)* watched the piano carried upstairs.(過去分詞做賓補)注意:在這個結構中,可以出現用it做形式上的賓語,把真正的賓語放在賓語補足語的后面.在此結構中,賓語常常是動詞不定式或賓語從句.* felt it his duty to mention this to her.分析:it是形式賓語,hisduty是賓語補足語,to mention this to her是真正的賓語.2.I think it best that you should stay with us.分析:it是形式賓語,best是賓語補足語,that you should stay with us是真正的賓語.注意:1.習慣用語的使用在英語中,有很多動詞習慣用語,在學習的過程中,要注意它們的使用,不必分析單獨每個詞的使用.例:We are short of money.(be short of中short做表語)She is always making trouble for her friends.(trouble做make的賓語)He has carried out our instructions to the letter.(our instructions做詞組carry out的賓語)We are waiting for the rain to stop.(wait for后面的the rain是賓語,to stop是賓語補足語)2.在英語中,大多數動詞既可以做及物動詞又可以做不及物動詞,而且還會有一些固定詞組,因此一個動詞可以用于幾種句型.例:ask①Did you ask 。
英語中的句子結構
英語的基本成分有六種:主語(subject)、謂語(predicate)、表語 (predicative)、賓語(object)、定語(attribute)和狀語(adverbial).英語句子成分中,有些具有形態標志.如第一人稱代詞作主語就用主格“I”,作賓語用賓格“me”,作定語用所有格“my”.這些形態變化對分析辨認成分 漢語與英語就句子成分表面上看來差不多,實際上有不少差別.例如:(1) Xiao Li went to bed as soon as he came home.小李回家后,立刻就睡覺了.(2) I'll go when I have had my dinner.我吃了飯就去.在英語中,同一個主語在第二次出現時不能省略,必須把每個謂語所陳述的對象都表示出來.而在漢語中,同一個主語在句中第二次出現時,就可以省 略.如例(1)中,漢語說“小李回家后立刻就睡覺了”,省去了第二個分句 的主語,倒可以避免造成誤解.若將第二次出現的主語補出來,說成“小李回 家后,他立刻就睡覺了”.聽的人反而可能把那個“他”誤會成另一個人.英語五種基本句型列式如下:基本句型一:S+V (主+謂) 基本句型二:S+V+P (主+謂+表) 基本句型三:S+V+O (主+謂+賓) 基本句型四:S+V+o+O (主+謂+間賓+直賓) 基本句型五:S+V+O+C (主+謂+賓+賓補) 4 追問:那主系表結構呢 回答:是主系表結構中的副詞啊.\x0d一.何謂主系表結構:所謂主系表結構就是英語句子中的主要成分是主語、系動詞和表語.\x0dLi Lei is a Chinese boy.( Li Lei 是名詞,作主語.)\x0dHe is from England.( He 是代詞,作主語.)\x0dFeeding the birds is my hobby.(“ Feeding the birds ”是動名詞短語,作主語.)\x0dWhat she said is right.(“ What she said ”是從句,作主語.)\x0d2.系動詞( Link verb ):系動詞本身有一定的詞義,但不能獨立作謂語,必須和句子中的表語一起構成謂語.簡單地說,將主語和表語聯系在一起,并構成一個完整句子的動詞就叫做系動詞.目前學到的系動詞有 be ,feel ,look ,sound ,taste ,smell 等.例如:\x0dThis flower is beautiful.\x0dI felt very tired.\x0dYou look worried.\x0dIt tastes delicious.\x0d3.表語( Predicative ):表語是用來說明主語的身份、特征或狀態的.它又叫作主語補足語.表語位于系動詞之后,主要由名詞、代詞、形容詞、數詞、副詞、介詞短語、分詞(短語)或動名詞(短語)等來充當.例如:\x0dI am fine .( fine 是形容詞,作表語)\x0dHe is a boy .( boy 是名詞,作表語)\x0dFive plus two is seven .( seven 是數詞,作表語)\x0d是主系表結構中的副詞啊.。
【英語中,五種句型結構的用法五種句型結構中,主語,謂語動詞,
主語是動作的發出者,謂語 可是行為動詞, 助動詞+動詞, 情態動詞+動詞直接賓語 是動作的直接承受者,是名詞,代詞間接賓語是動作的間接承受者,是名詞,代詞賓語補足語是補充說明賓語的,聯系動詞有兩類. be動詞 半系動詞(look smell taste sound 等等)五大句型1,主謂結構.He runs fast2,主謂賓. I like the dog3 主謂賓賓,I gave him (間接賓語)a book(直接賓語)4,主謂賓補 He made me work 10 hours a day5,主系表, He is a teacher/ He looks handsome/ It smells terrible。
【英語時態中的各種句型及其結構】
一般現在時:主語+be+-- 主語+do/does sth--- 現在進行時:主語+be+doing sth --- 現在完成時:主語+have/has +過去分詞+--- 一般過去時:主語+be+-- 主語+did sth+--- 過去進行時:主語+be+doing sth + --- 過去完成時:主語+had +done sth --- 一般將來時:主語+be going to do sth --- 主語+will/shall do sth --- 主語+be going to do sth --- 主語+would/should do sth --- 被動語態:主語+be done --- 主語+be done --- 主語+be being done --- 主語+have/has/had been done --- 說明:do泛指動詞原形,does泛指動詞單三現,did泛指過去式,doing泛指現在分詞,done泛指過去分詞. 現分別舉例如下:I am a * is in the * are not * was a girl.I work * works hard.I am studying * were studying * are going to study * have studied math .You had studied * will study * would study math .Math is studied by * was being studied by * has been studied by us .。