一、瞬間性動詞怎么轉換成延續性動詞(詳細一點,例子越多越好)
延續性動詞:learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等
非延續性動詞: close 關 die 死 arrive 到達 post 郵寄 come 來 fall 落下 leave 離開 go 去 break 打破 lose 丟失 give 給 join 加入 receive 接收 buy 買 borrow 借 become 成為 start 開始 happen 發生 begin 開始 finish 結束 marry 娶、嫁
建議lz在遇到這樣的問題是 把這些動詞翻譯成中文來考慮 看這個做這個動作是一下子就做完了還是需要持續。比如用“持續地……” 如果在……處加進去的動詞讓這個句子說得通 那么就是延續性的,反之亦然。
如:一個人持續地學習,工作……
不可能出現持續地開始,死亡,結婚……所以就是非延續性的
二、瞬間性動詞怎么變成延續性動詞
淺談終止性動詞和延續性動詞 延續性動詞: live,run,stay,clean,play,hold,watch,teach,read,study,teach,eat,drink,write,dance, sing,smoke 瞬間性動詞: open,stop,like,love,die,win,close,shot,begin,start enter,finish 1、終止性動詞:表示不能延續的動作,即動作發生后立即結束。
如:begin,arrive,borrow,buy,break,close,come,fall,dic,finish,go,leave,lend,mary,reach,receive,open,sell,start,stop等。 終止性動詞的肯定式是不能持續的,所以不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用,而終止性的否定式就可以和表一段時間的狀語連用,因為否定本身就是可以延續的。
如:have a cold是持續性動詞,表示“狀態”,可與表延續性的時間狀語連用,不定冠詞不能省略。 I′ve had a cold since my arrival(到達 n.). I didn′t go to school because I had had a bad cold for days. catch a cold是短暫性動作,表“動態”:它不能和延續性時間狀語連用,不定冠詞“a”可有可無,catch可用take,get代替。
Put on your coat,or you′ll catch/take/get a cold. Take care not to get cold. 但是,若cold前有形容詞修飾時,則不定冠詞不能省。 如:Brown has taken a slight cold. 注意下列句子: I have caught a cold for over a week.(*) I have had a cold for over a week.(?) 2、延續性動詞:表示可以延續一段時間的動作或狀態。
如:be,drink,fly,eat,keep,lie,live,rain等。 延續性動詞常不能和表示一個短暫具體的時間狀語連用;這類動詞如用于進行時態,則可以和表示一個短暫具體的時刻連用。
He worked at eight yesterday afternoon.(*) He was working at eight yesterday afternoon.(?) 3、代替終止性動詞的方法 a)用延續性動詞代替終止性動詞 1、用have代替buy My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. 2、用keep或have代替borrow I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days. 3、用be替代become How long has your sister been a teacher? 4、用have a cold代替catch a cold Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday. 5、用wear代替put on b)用“be+形容詞”代終止性動詞 1、be+married代marry 2、be+ill代fall (get) ill 3、be+dead代die 4、be+asleep代fall (get) asleep 5、be+awake代wake/wake up 6、be+gone代lose,die,sell,leave 7、be+open代open 8、be closed代close/shut 9、be+missing(gone,lost)代lose c)用“be+副詞”代終止性動詞 1“be+on”代start,begin 2“be+up”代get up 3“be+back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to 4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等 d)用“be+介詞短語”代終止性動詞 1.“be in/at +地點”代替go to /come to 2.用be in the army 代替join the army 3.“be in/at +地點”代替move to。
三、瞬間性動詞和延續性動詞的造句
* borrowed the book. He has kept the book for 2 days.
* left just now. He has been away for 5 hours.
* joiner the Party(黨) He has been in the Party for 2 years.
* became a member of the club. He has been a member of the club for 2 days.
* became a student. She has been a student.
* old man died. The old man has been dead for 5 days.
* film began just now. The film has been on for 1 minutes.
* finish the work. They have been over the work.
* shop opens everyday. The shop has been open for 4 hours.
* caught a cold. He has had a cold for 3 days.
* got up. He has been up for 30 minutes.
* fell alseep. He was asleep for 2 hours.
* woke up him. She has woke him up for 2 minutes.
* got married. She has been married.
四、哪些瞬間性動詞必須轉化為延續性動詞
瞬間動詞如何與延續性動詞轉換
在學習現在完成時的過程中,我們經常碰到類似這樣的句子:
1)這輛自行車我已經買了五年了。
2)這位老人已經去世五年了。
此時,有些同學就想當然的將之翻譯為:
1)I have bought this bike for five years.(此句突出“買”的動作。言下之意,到現在還沒有買到。)
2)The old man has died for five years.(此句突出“死”的動作,給人的感覺是“這位老人五年期間一直在死亡線上掙扎”。)
造成這種錯誤的主要原因是學習者在運用動詞的過程中,將瞬間動詞與延續性動詞混為一談。那么,什么是瞬間動詞呢?簡而言之,瞬間動詞也叫短暫性動詞或終止性動詞。這種動詞是指它們動作的開始也就意味著動作的結束,所以不能直接跟表示一段的時間狀語連用。
那么,如何使瞬間動詞與表示一段時間的狀語連用呢?此時,我們可以將這些詞轉換成意義相近的延續性詞(組),從而間接表示其中的意思。
這里試就常見的一些詞及替換詞作一簡要小結:
瞬間動詞 延續性動詞
die be dead
open (動詞) be open (形容詞)
close (動詞) be closed(形容詞)
get up be up
fall asleep be asleep
finish be over
leave be away
start/begin be on
buy have
borrow keep
catch a cold have a cold
join (1) be a + 成員;職業
(2) be in+ 集團;組織;單位
五、瞬時性動詞變延續性動詞
[1]延續性動詞
延續性動詞表示可以延續一段時間的動作或狀態,如:live,study,rain等。這類動詞可以和表示一段時間的詞語連用,如在完成時中和“since短語”、“for短語”連用。例如: 1) He has lived here since 1960.
2) He's been ill for three years.
[2]
瞬時性動詞所表示的行為過程不能延續,即是短暫的、瞬間的,動作發生后立即結束,如:arrive,begin,die等。這類動詞用在肯定句中時不能和表示一段時間的詞語連用,但在否定句中可以和表示一段時間的詞語連用。例如:
1) 誤:He has died for three years. 2) 正:He has been dead for three years.(同上) 3) 正:I haven't heard from him for two months.(同上)
瞬時性動詞在肯定句中不能和表示一段時間的詞語連用,并不是說這類詞不能用于肯定句。例如: 1) 誤:He has joined the party for 3 year. 2) 正:He has joined the party.
[3]區分
瞬時性動詞是表示那些動作所需時間很短的,如come, buy 等.就拿come in 來說,不可能進門要花很長時間,一眨眼就進來.延續性動詞是表示動作所需時間較長的.如keep, read等, 拿keep來說,保存東西可以很長時間.
六、英語中瞬間動詞至延續性動詞變化
瞬間動詞也叫終止性動詞常見的終止性動詞與延續性動詞的轉換有come→be here, begin/start→be on,borrow→keep, buy→have,die→be dead, end/finish→be over,get up→be up,go(get)out→be out, fall asleep→be asleep, leave→be away from, join→be in/be a member of,put on→wear,catch a cold→have a cold等。
瞬間動詞 延續性動詞 die be dead open (動詞) be open (形容詞) close (動詞) be closed(形容詞) get up be up fall asleep be asleep finish be over leave be away start/begin be on buy have borrow keep catch a cold have a cold join (1) be a + 成員;職業 (2) be in+ 集團;組織;單位延續性動詞與非延續性動詞之間的轉換:leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have, begin/start --- be on, die --- be dead, finish --- be over, join --- be in+組織機構, be a member of+組織機構, open sth --- keep sth open, fall ill --- be ill, get up---be up, catch a cold --- have a cold, come here --- be here, go there --- be there, become --- be, come back --- be back, fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in), leave --- be away from, get to know --- know, go (get) out →be out, put on→ wear;catch a cold →have a cold等。希望幫到你。
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