1. borrow的現在分詞和過去式是什么
borrow 是規則動詞,其現在分詞是 :borrowing 。過去式是:borrowed 。
英漢詞典解釋:
borrow|?b?r??|
*tive verb
①(take temporarily)借
to borrow [something] from [somebody]/[something]向某人/從某處借某物。
②(copy)引用 ?word, motif?ideas borrowed from earlier writers借用自早期作家的觀點。*sitive verb借錢 。
to borrow against 。以…為借貸擔保?income? 。
2. borrow的過去式和單三
borrow
[英][?b?r??][美][?bɑ:ro?]
vt.& vi.借入; 借錢,借用; [數]由上位借; 抄襲;
n.借,借用; 擔保物,抵押; [英史]什一稅;
第三人稱單數:borrows過去分詞:borrowed現在進行時:borrowing過去式:borrowed
例句:
1.
Can I borrow a beach mat?
我可以借一床海灘草席嗎?
3. have + 過去分詞,在句子中通常翻譯成什么
翻譯成:已經完成……(根據語境翻譯)你只要明白以下內容,這部份就差不多了,希望這些可以有幫到你!概述現在完成時(Present perfect)過去發生并且已經完成的動作對現在造成影響或后果,過去某一時間開始并一直持續到現在的動作或狀態。
句型 基本結構:主語+have/has+過去分詞(done) ①肯定句:主語+have/has+時間狀語+過去分詞+其他. ②否定句:主語+have/has+not+過去分詞+其他. ③一般疑問句:Have/Has+主用法 (1)現在完成時用來表示現在之前已發生過或完成的動作或狀態,但其結果卻和現在有聯系,也就是說,動作或狀態發生在過去但它的影響現在還存在. I have spent all of my money.(含義是:現在我沒有錢花了.) Jane has laid the table.(含義是:現在桌子已經擺好了.) Michael has been ill.(含義是:現在仍然很虛弱) He has returned from abroad. (含義是:現在已在此地) (2)現在完成時可以用來表示發生在過去某一時刻的,持續到現在的動作(用行為動詞表示)或狀態(be動詞表示)常與for(+時間段),since(+時間點或過去時的句子)連用. ①for+時段 ②since+過去一個時間點(譯為:自從……以來) ③since+時段+ago ④since+從句(過去時) ●⑤It is+時段+since+從句(過去時) Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. ●注:瞬間動詞(buy,die,join,lose……)不能直接與for since 連用。要改變動詞 come/arrive/reach/get to-----be in go out----be out finish----be over open----be open die----be dead ……………… ★*代替buy My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. ★2、用keep或have代替borrow I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days. ★3、用be替代become How long has your sister been a teacher? ★4、用have a cold代替catch a cold Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday. ★5、用wear代替put on b)用“be+形容詞”代終止性動詞 1、be+married代marry 2、be+ill代fall (get) ill 3、be+dead代die 4、be+asleep代fall (get) asleep 5、be+awake代wake/wake up 6、be+gone代lose,die,sell,leave 7、be+open代open 8、be closed代close/shut 9、be+missing(gone,lost)代lose c)用“be+副詞”代終止性動詞 1“be+on”代start,begin 2“be+up”代get up 3“be+back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to 4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等 d)用“be+介詞短語”代終止性動詞 1.“be in/at +地點”代替go to /come to 2.用be in the army 代替join the army 3.“be in/at +地點”代替move to 常用瞬間動詞變延續性動詞表: 1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw. →have been in sw./at…相應的介詞 2. have come/gone back/returned → have been back 3. have come/gone out →have been out 4. have become → have been 5. have closed / opened→ have been close/open 6. have got up → have been up; 7. have died → have been dead; 8. have left sw. → have been away from sw. 9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep → have been asleep; 10. have finished/ended/completed → have been over; 11. havemarried → have been married; 12. have started/begun to do sth. → have done sth. ; 13. have begun → have been on 14. have borrowed/bought →have kept/had 15. have lost → haven't had 16. have put on →have worn 17. have caught /get a cold → have had a cold; 18. have got to know → have known 19. have/has gone to → have been in 20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army →have been a member of/ have been in/have been the Party's member/the league member/the soldier… 注意: 1.現在完成時不能單獨與準確時間連用,(如表示過去的時間狀語) 如yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon)等,除非與for,since連用. 2.現在完成時往往同表示不確定的過去時間狀語連用 ,如already(肯定), yet(否定,疑問), just, before, recently,still, lately等: He has already obtained a scholarship. I haven't seen much of him recently (lately). We have seen that film before. Have they found the missing child yet ? 3. 現在完成時常常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用, 如often, sometimes, ever, never, twice, on several occasion等: Have you ever been to Beijing I have never heard Bunny say anything against her. I have used this pen only three times. It is still good. George has met that gentleman on several occasions. 4. 現在完成時還往往可以同包括現在時間在內的時間狀語連用, 如now, up to these few days/weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, just, today, up to present, so far等: Peter has written six papers so far. Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom. There has been too much rain in San Francisco this year. The 。
4. 過去分詞的用法
過去分詞的用法 非謂語動詞的用法講解:Huzhou No. 2 High School1. 及物動詞的過去分詞作表語,與句子主語是被動關系,表示主語的狀態,既表示被動,又表示完成. (1)_ The cup is broken. 茶杯破了. 2. 不及物動詞的過去分詞作表語,與句子主語是主動關系,表示主語的狀態,只表示動作的完成. (2) He is retired. 他已退休. 3. 有些過去分詞作表語時,構成的謂語很接近被動結構. (3)_The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains. 這座城市三面環山.過去分詞作表語 【注意】過去分詞作表語與被動語態的區別:過去分詞作表語,主要是表示主語的狀態,而被動語態則表示動作. (1) The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.(是被動語態,表示動作) (2) The library is now closed. 圖書館關門了.(過去分詞作表語) 【注意】過去分詞表示被動或完成, -ing 形式表示主動或進行.有些動詞如 interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通常用其過去分詞形式來修飾人,用 -ing 形式來修飾物. (3) The book is interesting and I'm interested in it. 這本書很有趣,我對它很感興趣.過去分詞作定語 作定語用的過去分詞相當于形容詞,其邏輯主語就是它所修飾的名詞.及物動詞的過去分詞作定語,既表被動又表完成;不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語,只表完成. 1. 過去分詞用作定語,如果是單個的,常置于其所修飾的名詞之前. We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我們必須使我們的思想適應改變了的情況. 2. 過去分詞短語用作定語時,一般置于其所修飾的名詞之后,其意義相當于一個定語從句,但較從句簡潔,多用于書面語中. The concert given by their friends was a success.他們朋友舉行的音樂會大為成功. 3.過去分詞短語有時也可用作非限制性定語,前后常有逗號. (1)The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero. 他們舉行了歡迎英雄的大會,到會的有五千多人. 4. 用來修飾人的過去分詞有時可以轉移到修飾非人的事物,這種過去分詞在形式上雖不直接修飾人,但它所修飾的事物仍與人直接有關. (2) The boy looked up with a pleased expression. 男孩帶著滿意的表情舉目而視. 過去分詞作狀語 1. 過去分詞作狀語過去分詞作狀語表示被動的和完成的動作. (1) Written in a hurry, this article was not so good! 因為寫得匆忙,這篇文章不是很好.【注意】written 為過去分詞作狀語,表示這篇文章是被寫的,而且已經被寫. 值得注意的是,有些過去分詞因來源于系表結構,作狀語時不表被動而表主動.這樣的過去分詞及短語常見的有: lost (迷路); seated (坐); hidden (躲); stationed (駐扎); lost / absorbed in (沉溺于); born (出身于); dressed in (穿著); tired of (厭煩). (2) Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didn't hear the sound.因為沉溺于思考之中,所以他沒聽到那個聲音. 2. 過去分詞作狀語時其邏輯主語為主句的主語,此時應注意人稱一致.(1) Given another hour, I can also work out this problem. 再給我一個小時,我也能解這道題.(given 為過去分詞作狀語,它的邏輯主語為主句主語 I ,即 I 被再給一個小時.) (2)_ Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us. 從山頂看城市,城市顯得更漂亮.(seen 為過去分詞作狀語,表"被看",由語境可知,它的邏輯主語必須是城市,而不是"我們",因為"我們"應主動看城市.) 【注意】如果過去分詞作狀語時,前面再加邏輯主語,主句的主語就不再是分詞的邏輯主語,這種帶邏輯主語的過去分詞結構實際上屬于獨立主格結構. (1) The signal given, the bus started. 信號一發出,汽車就開動了.(the signal 是 given 的邏輯主語,因此主句主語 the bus 就不是given 的邏輯主語. (2) Her head held high, she went by. 她把頭昂得高高地從這兒走了過去.(her head 是 held high 的邏輯主語,因此主句主語 she 就不再是held high 的邏輯主語.) 3. 過去分詞作狀語來源于狀語從句.(1) Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因為淋了一場大雨,所以他全身濕透了. (caught in a heavy rain 為過去分詞短語作原因狀語,它來源于原因狀語從句 Because he was caught in a heavy rain.)(2)_Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果種在肥沃的土壤里,這些種子能長得很快.( grown in rich soil 為過去分詞作條件狀語,它來源于條件狀語從句 If these seeds are grown in rich soil.【注意】狀語從句改成過去分詞作狀語時有時還可保留連詞,構成"連詞+過去分詞"結構作狀語. When given a medical examination, you should keep calm. 當你做體格檢查時要保持鎮定. 4. 過去分詞作狀語的位置.過去分詞可放在主句前作句首狀語,后面有逗號與主句隔開;也可放在主句后面,前面有逗號與主句隔開. He stood there silently, moved to tears. = Moved to tears, he stood there silently. 他靜靜地站在那里,被感動得熱淚盈眶.過去分詞作賓語補足語(一)能夠接過去分詞作賓補的動詞有以下三類: 1. 表示感覺或心理狀態的動詞.如:see, watch, 。
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