華閱文章網1.簡述CAD的發展史
CAD作為一門學科始于60年代初，一直到80年代，由于受到計算機技術的限制，CAD技術的發展很緩慢。
進入90年代以來，計算機技術突飛猛進，極大地推動了CAD技術的發展。CAD技術經歷了從計算機輔助繪圖、計算機輔助計算分析，發展到參數化設計、變量設計、特征建模和設計。
與此對應的，編程思想也由面向過程發展到面向對象。從而使用CAD由支持純幾何設計擴展到非純幾何設計，進而發展到基于知識和人工智能的設計。
如今CAD己進入實用化階段，廣泛服務于機械、電子、宇航、建筑、紡織等產品的總體設計、造型設計、結構設計、工藝過程設計等環節。
2.英語發展史（用英語介紹）
A Brief History of the English Language （英語語言簡史） Old English, until 1066 Immigrants from Denmark and NW Germany arrived in Britain in the 5th and 6th Centuries A.D., speaking in related dialects belonging to the Germanic and Teutonic branches of the Indo-European language family. Today, English is most closely related to Flemish, Dutch, and German, and is somewhat related to Icelandic, Norwegian, Danish, and Swedish. Icelandic, unchanged for 1,000 years, is very close to Old English. Viking invasions, begun in the 8th Century, gave English a Norwegian and Danish influence which lasted until the Norman Conquest of 1066. Old English Words The Angles came from an angle-shaped land area in contemporary Germany. Their name "Angli" from the Latin and commonly-spoken, pre-5th Century German mutated into the Old English "Engle". Later, "Engle" changed to "Angel-cyn" meaning "Angle-race" by A.D. 1000, changing to "Engla-land". Some Old English words which have survived intact include: feet, geese, teeth, men, women, lice, and mice. The modern word "like" can be a noun, adjective, verb, and preposition. In Old English, though, the word was different for each type: gelica as a noun, geic as an adjective, lician as a verb, and gelice as a preposition. Middle English, from 1066 until the 15th Century The Norman Invasion and Conquest of Britain in 1066 and the resulting French Court of William the Conqueror gave the Norwegian-Dutch influenced English a Norman-Parisian-French effect. From 1066 until about 1400, Latin, French, and English were spoken. English almost disappeared entirely into obscurity during this period by the French and Latin dominated court and government. However, in 1362, the Parliament opened with English as the language of choice, and the language was saved from extinction. Present-day English is approximately 50% Germanic (English and Scandinavian) and 50% Romance (French and Latin). Middle English Words Many new words added to Middle English during this period came from Norman French, Parisian French, and Scandinavian. Norman French words imported into Middle English include: catch, wage, warden, reward, and warrant. Parisian French gave Middle English: chase, guarantee, regard, guardian, and gage. Scandinavian gave to Middle English the important word of law. English nobility had titles which were derived from both Middle English and French. French provided: prince, duke, peer, marquis, viscount, and baron. Middle English independently developed king, queen, lord, lady, and earl. Governmental administrative divisions from French include county, city, village, justice, palace, mansion, and residence. Middle English words include town, home, house, and hall. Early Modern English, from the 15th Century to the 17th Century During this period, English became more organized and began to resemble the modern version of English. Although the word order and sentence construction was still slightly different, Early Modern English was at least recognizable to the Early Modern English speaker. For example, the Old English "To us pleases sailing" became "We like sailing." Classical elements, from Greek and Latin, profoundly influenced work creation and origin. From Greek, Early Modern English received grammar, logic, arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music. Also, the "tele-" prefix meaning "far" later used to develop telephone and television was taken. Modern English, from the 17th Century to Modern Times Modern English developed through the efforts of literary and political writings, where literacy was uniformly found. Modern English was heavily influenced by classical usage, the emergence of the university-educated class, Shakespeare, the common language found in the East Midlands section of present-day England, and an organized effort to document and standardize English. Current inflections have remained almost unchanged for 400 years, but sounds of vowels and consonants have changed greatly. As a result, spelling has also changed considerably. For example, from Early English to Modern English, lyf became life, deel became deal, hoom became home, mone became moon, and hous became house. Advantages and Disadvantages of Modern English Modern English is composed of several languages, with grammar rules, spelling, and word usage both complimenting and competing for clarity. The disadvantages of Modern English include: an alphabet which is unable to adequately represent all needed sounds without。
3.求一份英文版的簡單介紹某公司的發展史的文章,有中文翻譯最好,謝
At the beginning, our company had only one employee, the employee who worked very hard with me in the first year. we had four employees from the second year, our sale achievement from ten thousand dollars upto one hundred thousand dollars. Today is the third years, our employees are increading to twenty, and the sale achievement have been increasing to two hundred thousand dollars. The company extends larger and larger due to all cadres and employees are working hard. Meanwhile, not only the employees increase, but also the office desks and equipments more and more. Themost important thing is that we are going to move our small office into a two thousand square meters on the twelve floor of the "Empire Building" in the center of the city. Then to create another splendid business achievement!
在開始的時候，公司只有一個員工，在第一年里這位員工作非常努力。第二年我們有四名員工，我們的銷售業績從一萬美元到十萬美元。今天是第三年，我們的員工增加到了20名，和銷售業績已增加到二十萬美元。本公司擴張越來越大，由于全體干部員工努力工作。同時，不僅員工增加，而且越來越多的辦公桌和設備。最重要的是，我們將要把我們的小辦公室搬到市中心一個兩千多平方米十二樓的“帝國大廈”。然后去創造另外一個輝煌的業績！
4.簡述autocad的發展歷史
AutoCAD是由美國Autodesk歐特克公司于二十世紀八十年代初為微機上應用CAD技術而開發的繪圖程序軟件包，經過不斷的完美，現已經成為國際上廣為流行的繪圖工具。
AutoCAD具有良好的用戶界面，通過交互菜單或命令行方式便可以進行各種操作。它的多文檔設計環境，讓非計算機專業人員也能很快地學會使用。
在不斷實踐的過程中更好地掌握它的各種應用和開發技巧，從而不斷提高工作效率。 AutoCAD具有廣泛的適應性，它可以在各種操作系統支持的微型計算機和工作站上運行，并支持分辨率由320*200到2048*1024的各種圖形顯示設備40多種，以及數字儀和鼠標器30多種，繪圖儀和打印機數十種，這就為AutoCAD的普及創造了條件。
特點 AutoCAD軟件具有如下特點： （1）具有完善的圖形繪制功能。 （2）有強大的圖形編輯功能。
（3）可以采用多種方式進行二次開發或用戶定制。 （4）可以進行多種圖形格式的轉換，具有較強的數據交換能力。
（5）支持多種硬件設備。 （6）支持多種操作平臺 （7）具有通用性、易用性，適用于各類用戶此外，從AutoCAD2000開始，該系統又增添了許多強大的功能，如AutoCAD設計中心（ADC）、多文檔設計環境（MDE）、Internet驅動、新的對象捕捉功能、增強的標注功能以及局部打開和局部加載的功能，從而使AutoCAD系統更加完善。
發展歷程 CAD的發展 CAD(Computer Aided Drafting)誕生于60年代，是美國麻省理工大學提出了交互式圖形學的研究計劃，由于當時硬件設施的昂貴，只有美國通用汽車公司和美國波音航空公司使用自行開發的交互式繪圖系統。 70年代，小型計算機費用下降，美國工業界才開始廣泛使用交互式繪圖系統。
80年代，由于PC機的應用，CAD得以迅速發展，出現了專門從事CAD系統開發的公司。當時VersaCAD是專業的CAD制作公司，所開發的CAD軟件功能強大，但由于其價格昂貴，故不能普遍應用。
而當時的Autodesk公司是一個僅有員工數人的小公司，其開發的CAD系統雖然功能有限，但因其可免費拷貝，故在社會得以廣泛應用。同時，由于該系統的開放性。
因此，該CAD軟件升級迅速。 AutoCAD的發展 1. AutoCADV(ersion)1.0:1982.11正式出版，容量為一張360Kb的軟盤，無菜單，命令需要背，其執行方式類似DOS命令。
2. AutoCAD V1.2:1983.4出版，具備尺寸標注功能。 3. AutoCADV1.3:1983.8，具備文字對齊及顏色定義功能，圖形輸出功能。
4. AutoCADV1.4:1983.10，圖形編輯功能加強。 5. AutoCADV2.0:1984.10，圖形繪制及編輯功能增加，如：MSLIDE VSLIDE DXFIN DXFOUT VIEW SCRIPT等等.至此，在美國許多工廠和學校都有AutoCAD拷貝。
6. AutoCADV2.17- V2.18:1985年出版，出現了Screen Menu，命令不需要背，Autolisp初具雛形，二張360K軟盤。 7. AutoCADV2.5:1986.7, Autolisp有了系統化語法，使用者可改進和推廣，出現了第三開發商的新興行業，五張360K軟盤。
8. AutoCADV2.6:1986.11，新增3D功能， AutoCAD已成為美國高校的inquired course。 9. AutoCADR(Release)9.0:1988.2，出現了狀態行 下拉式菜單. 至此， AutoCAD開始在國外加密銷售。
10. AutoCADR10.0:1988.10，進一步完善R9.0, Autodesk公司已成為千人企業。 11. AutoCADR11.0:1990.8，增加了AME(Advanced Modeling Extension)，但與AutoCAD分開銷售 。
12. AutoCADR12.0:1992.8，采用DOS與WINDOWS兩種操作環境，出現了工具條。 13. AutoCADR13.0:1994.11, AME納入AutoCAD之中。
14. AutoCADR14.0:1997.4，適應Pentium機型及Windows95/NT操作環境，實現與Internet網絡連接，操作更方便，運行更快捷，無所不到的工具條，實現中文操作。 15. AutoCAD2000(AutoCADR15.0):1999，提供了更開放的二次開發環境，出現了Vlisp獨立編程環境.同時，3D繪圖及編輯更方便。
版本歷史 AutoCAD的發展可分為初級階段、發展階段、高級發展階段、完善階段和進一步完善階段五個階段。 初級階段 AutoCAD 1.0——1982年11月 AutoCAD 1.2——1983年4月 AutoCAD 1.3——1983年8月 AutoCAD 1.4——1983年10月 AutoCAD 2.0——1984年10月 發展階段 AutoCAD 2.17——1985年5月 AutoCAD 2.18——1985年5月 AutoCAD 2.5——1986年6月 AutoCAD 9.0——1987年9月 AutoCAD 9.03—— 高級發展階段 AutoCAD 10.0——1988年8月 開始出現圖形界面的對話框，CAD的功能已經比較齊全。
AutoCAD 11.0——1990年 AutoCAD 12.0——1992年 Dos版的最高頂峰，具有成熟完備的功能，提供完善的AutoLisp語言進行二次開發，許多機械建筑和電路設計的專業CAD就是在這一版本上開發的。這一版本具有許多即使現在的版本也不具備的特性，例如實體爆炸后得到的是3Dface，而不是像現在版本這樣變成面實體——還是實體，不像3Dface那樣可以對頂點進行單獨拉伸。
完善階段 AutoCAD R13——1996年6月 AutoCAD R14——1998年1月 AutoCAD 2000——1999年1月 進一步完善階段 AutoCAD 2002(R15.6)——2001年6月 AutoCAD 2004(R16.0。
5.幫忙寫一篇關于機械設計制造及自動化的英文簡單介紹
“流體機械CAD”課程教學大綱 英文名稱：The application of the computer aided design in fluid machinery 課程編號： ENP04345 課程類型：工程科學 學時：28 學分：1.5 適用對象：能源與動力工程學院：熱能與動力工程專業； 先修課程：FORTRAN 或 C 語言。
使用教材及參考書： 教 材：無。 參考書： 趙汝嘉主編《CAD/CAM在機械工業中的應用》 西安交通大學出版社 1994 許耀昌主編《計算機輔助系統》 中國科學技術出版社 1992 一.課程的性質、目的及任務 本課程是動力機械工程系流體機械專業高年級學生的選修課程。
隨著電子計算機的迅速發展與普及， 計算機已應用于流體機械的工程設計、分析及繪圖等各個方面。因此， 有必要使學生了解CAD 在專業設計方面的應用。
通過本課程的學習， 要求學生掌握CAD 系統的基本知識， 了解有關CAD 軟件使用及CAD 軟件的開發方法。并能對流體機械專業的選型、設計軟件有所掌握。
二.教學基本要求 通過本課程的學習， 要求學生掌握CAD 系統的基本知識， 了解有關CAD 軟件使用及CAD 軟件的開發方法， 能編寫簡單的程序，如有限元前后處理技術中網格劃分和網格顯示程序。掌握CAD軟件系統開發步驟，學會如何建立系統功能分析，如何建立所需的數據模型；并對流體機械專業的選型、結構設計軟件有所掌握。
三.教學內容及要求 （一）CAD 技術的發展和應用 教學內容： 介紹 國外CAD的發展概況；使用CAD 技術的優缺點； 介紹CAD 系統的多學科性。 教學要求：了解產品設計過程；從強度計算為例，了解數據接口的含義，明確建立數據標準的意義；了解CAD系統能完成的工作內容（產品設計及優化，工程分析，產品報價，自動繪圖，文檔處理）；了解CAD 的發展趨勢和CAD系統技術的多學科性。
（二）CAD 系統硬件 教學內容：介紹主機系統、工作站系統、PC機系統和網絡系統，CAD 系統硬件的發展趨勢，CAD 系統的輸入/輸出設備。 教學要求：掌握CAD 系統的硬件的組成，以及相應的存儲設備和輸入輸出設備。
掌握主機的性能指標和CAD 系統分類（主機系統、工作站系統、微機PC系統），了解CAD系統中的輸入/輸出設備。 （三） CAD 系統軟件 教學內容：介紹CAD系統軟件支撐環境、軟件特點，圖形軟件標準化，數據交換技術，圖形軟件的選擇，常用CAD 系統軟件介紹，應用軟件，數據管理軟件，配置CAD 系統步驟。
教學要求： 了解CAD 軟件結構：系統軟件、支撐軟件、數據管理軟件和應用軟件圖形軟件，了解圖形標準及其分類，圖形交換技術，CAD 系統常用圖形軟件。 （四） 工程技術方法 教學內容： 介紹有限元技術、有限元分析的前處理技術和后處理技術。
教學要求：掌握有限元網格自動生成原理和方法，會編寫簡單區域的有限網格劃分程序，掌握單元網格的繪制、結構的載荷顯示、節點應力分布的顯示、結構變形和位移的顯示的方法。 （五） 交互圖形系統介紹 教學內容： 介紹微機上的常用繪圖軟件：AutoCAD軟件和MicroStation圖形軟件。
介紹基本命令和圖形系統開發方法，圖形接口程序的編寫方法，AutoCAD圖形接口簡單繪圖程序的編寫。 教學要求：初步學會一種常用繪圖軟件，初步掌握圖形系統開發方法和圖形接口程序的編寫，能編寫簡單的繪圖程序。
（六）軸類零件設計系統開發 教學內容：介紹系統開發步驟：系統需求分析、系統功能分析、數據結構模型建立、軸類零件繪圖模塊的編程與調試、軸類零件編輯模塊的編程與調試。 教學要求：初步掌握系統開發步驟，學會簡單繪圖模塊的開發、軸類零件繪圖模塊的開發。
（七）專業CAD 軟件應用介紹 教學內容：介紹通風機選型軟件、電子樣本軟件、通風機氣動略圖繪圖系統軟件、離心式壓縮機結構設計軟件等 教學要求：了解目前專業軟件能完成的工作內容。 四.實踐環節 （一）習題 編寫簡單區域的有限元網格劃分程序，或有限元網格顯示程序，或軸類零件的繪圖程序。
（二）上機演示內容（上機演示4小時） 介紹微機上的常用繪圖軟件： AutoCAD軟件和MicroStation圖形軟件 AutoCAD圖形接口簡單繪圖程序的編寫。編寫簡單的繪圖程序。
編寫簡單區域的有限網格劃分程序，掌握單元網格的繪制、結構的載荷顯示、節點應力分布的顯示、結構變形和位移的顯示的方法 介紹通風機選型軟件、電子樣本軟件 通風機氣動略圖繪圖系統軟件、離心式壓縮機結構設計軟件等 。 五.學時分配 章 內容 參考學時 講課 實驗 上機 1 CAD 技術的發展和應用 2 2 CAD 系統硬件 4 3 CAD 系統軟件 8 4 工程技術方法 4 5 交互圖形系統介紹 4 6 軸類零件設計系統開發 4 7 專業CAD 軟件應用介紹 2 實驗 熟悉AutoCAD系統及基本命令/編寫簡單的繪圖 演示專業CAD 軟件 用CAD和masterCAM都可以``以上是介紹``最后是用 CAD```因為它本來就是機械輔助軟件``。
6.用英語簡單介紹中國的歷史文化,
Chinese culture has a long *nds of years ago,acient Chinese people has created colorful * are many acient legends in Chinese culture,which tells a lot of things about acient Chinese * are many different dynastise in Chinese * first dynasty is the Xia Dynasty and last one is the Qing * Chinese culture still infuluences Chinese people's lifestyle * example,we still celebrate （慶祝）Dragon Boat Festival（端午節），which is for the famous Chinese character Qu * chopsticks have also been used by Chinese people since long long * a word ,Chinese culture is very colorful and * should take pride in it ！本人剛剛初中畢業，文章絕對初中水平.但請樓主還是要加油，自己寫出好的英語文章.。
7.用英語簡短的介紹一下幾何的歷史（不要用翻譯
Geometry arose as the field of knowledge dealing with spatial relationships. Geometry was one of
the two fields of pre-modern mathematics, the other being the study of numbers (arithmetic).
Classic geometry was focused in compass and straightedge constructions. Geometry was revolutionized by Euclid, who introduced mathematical rigor and the axiomatic method still in use today. His book, The Elements is widely considered the most influential textbook of all time, and was known to all educated people in the West until the middle of the 20th century
In modern times, geometric concepts have been generalized to a high level of abstraction and complexity, and have been subjected to the methods of calculus and abstract algebra, so that many modern branches of the field are barely recognizable as the descendants of early geometry.
8.用英語介紹歷史
Sand and stone The story goes that two friends were walking through the desert. During some point of the journey they had an argument, and one friend slapped the other one in the face. The one who got slapped was hurt, but without saying anything, wrote in the said:” Today my best friend slapped me in the face.” They kept on walking until they found an oasis, where they decided to take a bath. The one who had been slapped got stuck in the mire and started drowning, but the friend saved him. After he recovered from the near drowning, he wrote on stone: Today my best friend saved my life. The friend who had slapped and saved his best friend asked him, after I hurt you, you wrote in the sand and now you write on a *? The other friend replied: When someone hurts us, we should write it down in sand where winds of forgiveness can erase it away .But when someone does something good for us, we must engrave it in stone where no wind ever erases it. Learn to write your hurts in the sand and to carve your benefits in stone. They say it takes a minute to find a special person, an hour to appreciate him, a day to love him, but an entire life to forget him. Send this phrase to the people you will never forget .It is a short message to let them know that you will never forget them. Take the time to live. 傷害只寫在沙地上 兩個朋友在荒漠里穿行，途中他們發上了爭執；其中一個人單了另一位一個耳光。
被達的人非常傷心，但他什么也沒說，只是在沙地上寫到：“今天，我最好的朋友打了我一個耳光。” 他們繼續往前走，發現了一片綠洲，他們決定在那里洗個澡。
結果，被打的那位陷進了泥潭，眼看就要被淹死，結果他的朋友救了他。恢復過來都他在石頭上寫到：“今天，我最好的朋友救了我的命。”
那位打他并救了他的朋友問：“為什么我傷害你時，你在沙地上寫下來，而現在卻在石頭上刻下來呢？” 被救的那位答到：“受到傷害時，我們應該把他寫在沙地上，寬恕之風會將它抹平。可是受人恩惠時，我們應該把它刻在石頭上，任何風雨也不會把它擦掉。”
學會將所受的傷害寫在沙子上，把所的的恩德刻在石頭上。有人這樣說，找到一個特別的人只需要用一分鐘，欣賞他需要用一小時，喜歡他需要用一天，但忘掉他卻需要用一生的時間。
把這句話送給那些你永遠無法忘記的人吧。這段短短的話能讓他們知道你永遠不會忘記他們。
此生不忘。 The Feast at Hong Gate (Traditional Chinese： 鴻門宴， Simplified Chinese： 鴻門宴， pinyin: Hóngményàn) was a historical event (206 BC or 205 BC -- it happened around the new year) later often memorialized in Chinese history, novels, and drama, including in Beijing opera. The feast came about due to the jealousy and resentment of Xiang Yu （項羽/項羽） towards Liu Bang （劉邦/劉邦）， who had conquered the heartland of Qin Dynasty and caused its destruction; Xiang had considered the destruction of Qin to be the prize reserved only for him. Xiang was also angry that Liu, assuming that he would be made the Prince of Qin, appeared to be about to make the last ruler of Qin, Ying Ying, his prime minister in governing Qin. Outnumbering Liu by about three-to-one and considering himself to be the superior general, and further instigated by his advisor Fan Zeng （范增）， Xiang was set to attack Liu and annihilate Liu's army. Xiang Yu's uncle Xiang Bo （項伯/項伯）， a general in his army, found out about this plan. Being a good friend of Liu's strategist Zhang Liang （張良）， he secretly rode to Liu's camp at night and told Zhang what was happening, trying to persuade Zhang to return to Xiang's camp with him and avoid the slaughter. Zhang, arguing that he had an obligation to Liu, refused, and further arranged a meeting between Xiang Bo and Liu. Liu flattered Xiang Bo and promised to be subservient to Xiang Yu and to pay respect to Xiang Yu the next morning, and Xiang Bo believed him. Returning to Xiang Yu's camp, Xiang Bo persuaded Xiang Yu that it was inappropriate and ungrateful to destroy Liu and his army. Instead, Xiang Yu began to set up a feast to entertain Liu the next day. The next morning, Liu rode to Xiang Yu's camp with a small contingent of guards to pay respect to Xiang. He apologized to Xiang for robbing him of his glory but at the same time extolling Xiang's valor in battle. Xiang responded with sarcastic words but then started the feast. During the feast, Xiang considered killing Liu, and Fan gave him multiple signals to do so, but Xiang could not make the decision to do so. Fan then summoned Xiang's cousin Xiang Zhuang （項莊）， giving him instructions to do a sword dance as part of the entertainment and to stab Liu to death during the dance. With Fan's 。
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